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tips on hardware failures and fs corruption
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Scott Lamb
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# Troubleshooting
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## Logs
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Here are some tips for diagnosing various problems with Moonfire NVR. Feel free
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to open an [issue](https://github.com/scottlamb/moonfire-nvr/issues) if you
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need more help.
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## Viewing Moonfire NVR's logs
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While Moonfire NVR is running, logs will be written to stderr.
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@ -35,8 +39,8 @@ If you use Docker, set these via Docker's `--env` argument.
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### `Error: pts not monotonically increasing; got 26615520 then 26539470`
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If your streams cut out with an error message like this one, it might mean
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that your camera outputs [B
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If your streams cut out and you see error messages like this one in Moonfire
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NVR logs, it might mean that your camera outputs [B
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frames](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_compression_picture_types#Bi-directional_predicted_.28B.29_frames.2Fslices_.28macroblocks.29).
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If you believe this is the case, file a feature request; Moonfire NVR
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currently doesn't support B frames. You may be able to configure your camera
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@ -47,3 +51,71 @@ to disable B frames in the meantime.
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This happens if your machine is configured to a non-UTF-8 locale, due to
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gyscos/Cursive#13. As a workaround, try setting the environment variable
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`LC_ALL=C.UTF-8`. This should automatically be set with the Docker container.
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### Moonfire NVR reports problems with the database or filesystem
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It's helpful to check out your system's overall health when diagnosing
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problems with Moonfire NVR.
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1. Look at your kernel logs. On most Linux systems, you can browse them via
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`journalctl`, `dmesg`, or `less /var/log/messages`. See [Errors in kernel
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logs](#error) below for some common problems.
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2. Use [`smartctl`](https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-check-an-hard-drive-health-from-the-command-line-using-smartctl) to
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look at SMART ("Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology System
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(SMART)") attributes on your flash and hard drives. Backblaze
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[reports](https://www.backblaze.com/blog/what-smart-stats-indicate-hard-drive-failures/)
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that the following SMART attributes are most predictive of drive failure:
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* SMART 5: Reallocated Sectors Count
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* SMART 187: Reported Uncorrectable Errors
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* SMART 188: Command Timeout
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* SMART 197: Current Pending Sector Count
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* SMART 198: Uncorrectable Sector Count
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If the RAW value for any of these attributes is non-zero, it's likely
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your problem is due to hardware.
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3. Use `smartctl` to run a self-test on your flash and hard drives.
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4. Run `fsck` on your filesystems.
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Your root filesystem is best checked on startup, before it's mounted as
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read-write. On most Linux systems, you can force `fsck` to run on next
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startup via the `fsck.mode=force` kernel parameter, as documented
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[here](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd-fsck@.service.html).
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If you have hard drives dedicated to Moonfire NVR, you can also shut down
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Moonfire NVR, unmount the filesystem, and run `fsck` on them without
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rebooting.
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After the system as a whole is verified healthy, run `moonfire-nvr check` while
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Moonfire NVR is stopped to verify integrity of the SQLite database and sample
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file directories.
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### <a name="kernel-errors"></a> Errors in kernel logs
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#### UAS errors
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Some cheap USB SATA adapters don't appear to work reliably in UAS mode under
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Linux. If you see errors like the following, try [disabling
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UAS](https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/239782/connection-problem-with-usb3-external-storage-on-linux-uas-driver-problem).
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Unfortunately your filesystem is likely to have corruption, so after disabling UAS,
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run a `fsck` and then `moonfire-nvr check` to try recovering.
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```
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Sep 22 17:26:01 nuc kernel: sd 4:0:0:1: [sdb] tag#2 uas_eh_abort_handler 0 uas-tag 3 inflight: CMD OUT
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Sep 22 17:26:01 nuc kernel: sd 4:0:0:1: [sdb] tag#2 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 01 4d b4 c4 00 00 00 03 b0 00 00
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```
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#### Filesystem errors
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Errors that mention `EXT4-fs` (or your filesystem of choice) likely indicate
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filesystem corruption. Run `fsck` to fix as described above. Once the
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corruption is addressed, use `moonfire-nvr check` to survey the damage to
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your database.
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```
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Jan 28 07:26:27 nuc kernel: EXT4-fs (sdc1): error count since last fsck: 12
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Jan 28 07:26:27 nuc kernel: EXT4-fs (sdc1): initial error at time 1576998292: ext4_validate_block_bitmap:376
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Jan 28 07:26:27 nuc kernel: EXT4-fs (sdc1): last error at time 1579640202: ext4_validate_block_bitmap:376
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...
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Feb 13 04:48:43 nuc kernel: EXT4-fs error (device sdc1): ext4_validate_block_bitmap:376: comm kworker/u8:2: bg 57266: bad block bitmap checksum
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Feb 13 04:48:43 nuc kernel: EXT4-fs (sdc1): Delayed block allocation failed for inode 7334278 at logical offset 0 with max blocks 11 with error 74
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Feb 13 04:48:43 nuc kernel: EXT4-fs (sdc1): This should not happen!! Data will be lost
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```
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