minio/posix.go

/*
 * Minio Cloud Storage, (C) 2016 Minio, Inc.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package main

import (
	"io"
	"os"
	slashpath "path"
	"runtime"
	"strings"
	"syscall"

	"github.com/Sirupsen/logrus"
	"github.com/minio/minio/pkg/disk"
	"github.com/minio/minio/pkg/safe"
)

const (
	fsMinSpacePercent = 5
)

// fsStorage - implements StorageAPI interface.
type fsStorage struct {
	diskPath    string
	minFreeDisk int64
}

// checkPathLength - returns error if given path name length more than 255
func checkPathLength(pathName string) error {
	// For MS Windows, the maximum path length is 255
	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
		if len(pathName) > 255 {
			return errFileNameTooLong
		}

		return nil
	}

	// For non-windows system, check each path segment length is > 255
	for len(pathName) > 0 && pathName != "." && pathName != "/" {
		dir, file := slashpath.Dir(pathName), slashpath.Base(pathName)

		if len(file) > 255 {
			return errFileNameTooLong
		}

		pathName = dir
	}

	return nil
}

// isDirEmpty - returns whether given directory is empty or not.
func isDirEmpty(dirname string) bool {
	f, err := os.Open(dirname)
	if err != nil {
		log.Errorf("Unable to access directory %s, failed with %s", dirname, err)
		return false
	}
	defer f.Close()
	// List one entry.
	_, err = f.Readdirnames(1)
	if err != nil {
		if err == io.EOF {
			// Returns true if we have reached EOF, directory is
			// indeed empty.
			return true
		}
		log.Errorf("Unable to list directory %s, failed with %s", dirname, err)
		return false
	}
	// Directory is not empty.
	return false
}

// Initialize a new storage disk.
func newPosix(diskPath string) (StorageAPI, error) {
	if diskPath == "" {
		log.Error("Disk cannot be empty")
		return nil, errInvalidArgument
	}
	fs := fsStorage{
		diskPath:    diskPath,
		minFreeDisk: fsMinSpacePercent, // Minimum 5% disk should be free.
	}
	st, err := os.Stat(diskPath)
	if err != nil {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"diskPath": diskPath,
		}).Debugf("Stat failed, with error %s.", err)
		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
			return fs, errDiskNotFound
		}
		return fs, err
	}
	if !st.IsDir() {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"diskPath": diskPath,
		}).Debugf("Disk %s.", syscall.ENOTDIR)
		return fs, syscall.ENOTDIR
	}
	log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
		"diskPath":    diskPath,
		"minFreeDisk": fsMinSpacePercent,
	}).Debugf("Successfully configured FS storage API.")
	return fs, nil
}

// checkDiskFree verifies if disk path has sufficient minium free disk space.
func checkDiskFree(diskPath string, minFreeDisk int64) (err error) {
	if err = checkPathLength(diskPath); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	di, err := disk.GetInfo(diskPath)
	if err != nil {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"diskPath": diskPath,
		}).Debugf("Failed to get disk info, %s", err)
		return err
	}

	// Remove 5% from total space for cumulative disk
	// space used for journalling, inodes etc.
	availableDiskSpace := (float64(di.Free) / (float64(di.Total) - (0.05 * float64(di.Total)))) * 100
	if int64(availableDiskSpace) <= minFreeDisk {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"availableDiskSpace": int64(availableDiskSpace),
			"minFreeDiskSpace":   minFreeDisk,
		}).Debugf("Disk free space has reached its limit.")
		return errDiskFull
	}

	// Success.
	return nil
}

func removeDuplicateVols(volsInfo []VolInfo) []VolInfo {
	// Use map to record duplicates as we find them.
	result := []VolInfo{}

	m := make(map[string]VolInfo)
	for _, v := range volsInfo {
		if _, found := m[v.Name]; !found {
			m[v.Name] = v
		}
	}

	result = make([]VolInfo, 0, len(m))
	for _, v := range m {
		result = append(result, v)
	}

	// Return the new slice.
	return result
}

// gets all the unique directories from diskPath.
func getAllUniqueVols(dirPath string) ([]VolInfo, error) {
	if err := checkPathLength(dirPath); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	entries, err := readDir(dirPath)
	if err != nil {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"dirPath": dirPath,
		}).Debugf("readDir failed with error %s", err)
		return nil, errDiskNotFound
	}
	var volsInfo []VolInfo
	for _, entry := range entries {
		if !strings.HasSuffix(entry, slashSeparator) || !isValidVolname(slashpath.Clean(entry)) {
			// Skip if entry is neither a directory not a valid volume name.
			continue
		}
		var fi os.FileInfo
		fi, err = os.Stat(pathJoin(dirPath, entry))
		if err != nil {
			log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
				"path": pathJoin(dirPath, entry),
			}).Debugf("Stat failed with error %s", err)
			// If the file does not exist, skip the entry.
			if os.IsNotExist(err) {
				continue
			}
			return nil, err
		}
		volsInfo = append(volsInfo, VolInfo{
			Name: fi.Name(),
			// As os.Stat() doesn't carry other than ModTime(), use
			// ModTime() as CreatedTime.
			Created: fi.ModTime(),
		})
	}
	return removeDuplicateVols(volsInfo), nil
}

// getVolumeDir - will convert incoming volume names to
// corresponding valid volume names on the backend in a platform
// compatible way for all operating systems. If volume is not found
// an error is generated.
func (s fsStorage) getVolumeDir(volume string) (string, error) {
	if !isValidVolname(volume) {
		return "", errInvalidArgument
	}
	if err := checkPathLength(volume); err != nil {
		return "", err
	}
	volumeDir := pathJoin(s.diskPath, volume)
	_, err := os.Stat(volumeDir)
	if err == nil {
		return volumeDir, nil
	}
	if os.IsNotExist(err) {
		var volsInfo []VolInfo
		volsInfo, err = getAllUniqueVols(s.diskPath)
		if err != nil {
			// For any errors, treat it as disk not found.
			return volumeDir, err
		}
		for _, vol := range volsInfo {
			// Verify if lowercase version of the volume is equal to
			// the incoming volume, then use the proper  name.
			if strings.ToLower(vol.Name) == volume {
				volumeDir = pathJoin(s.diskPath, vol.Name)
				return volumeDir, nil
			}
		}
		return volumeDir, errVolumeNotFound
	} else if os.IsPermission(err) {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"diskPath": s.diskPath,
		}).Debugf("Stat failed with error %s", err)
		return volumeDir, errVolumeAccessDenied
	}
	log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
		"diskPath": s.diskPath,
	}).Debugf("Stat failed with error %s", err)
	return volumeDir, err
}

// Make a volume entry.
func (s fsStorage) MakeVol(volume string) (err error) {
	// Validate if disk is free.
	if err = checkDiskFree(s.diskPath, s.minFreeDisk); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	volumeDir, err := s.getVolumeDir(volume)
	if err == nil {
		// Volume already exists, return error.
		return errVolumeExists
	}

	// If volume not found create it.
	if err == errVolumeNotFound {
		// Make a volume entry.
		return os.Mkdir(volumeDir, 0700)
	}

	log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
		"diskPath": s.diskPath,
		"volume":   volume,
	}).Debugf("MakeVol failed with %s", err)

	// For all other errors return here.
	return err
}

// ListVols - list volumes.
func (s fsStorage) ListVols() (volsInfo []VolInfo, err error) {
	// Get disk info to be populated for VolInfo.
	var diskInfo disk.Info
	diskInfo, err = disk.GetInfo(s.diskPath)
	if err != nil {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"diskPath": s.diskPath,
		}).Debugf("Failed to get disk info, %s", err)
		return nil, err
	}
	volsInfo, err = getAllUniqueVols(s.diskPath)
	if err != nil {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"diskPath": s.diskPath,
		}).Debugf("getAllUniqueVols failed with %s", err)
		return nil, err
	}
	for i, vol := range volsInfo {
		// Volname on case sensitive fs backends can come in as
		// capitalized, but object layer cannot consume it
		// directly. Convert it as we see fit.
		volName := strings.ToLower(vol.Name)
		volInfo := VolInfo{
			Name:    volName,
			Created: vol.Created,
			Total:   diskInfo.Total,
			Free:    diskInfo.Free,
			FSType:  diskInfo.FSType,
		}
		volsInfo[i] = volInfo
	}
	return volsInfo, nil
}

// StatVol - get volume info.
func (s fsStorage) StatVol(volume string) (volInfo VolInfo, err error) {
	// Verify if volume is valid and it exists.
	volumeDir, err := s.getVolumeDir(volume)
	if err != nil {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"diskPath": s.diskPath,
			"volume":   volume,
		}).Debugf("getVolumeDir failed with %s", err)
		return VolInfo{}, err
	}
	// Stat a volume entry.
	var st os.FileInfo
	st, err = os.Stat(volumeDir)
	if err != nil {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"diskPath": s.diskPath,
			"volume":   volume,
		}).Debugf("Stat on the volume failed with %s", err)
		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
			return VolInfo{}, errVolumeNotFound
		}
		return VolInfo{}, err
	}
	// Get disk info, to be returned back along with volume info.
	var diskInfo disk.Info
	diskInfo, err = disk.GetInfo(s.diskPath)
	if err != nil {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"diskPath": s.diskPath,
			"volume":   volume,
		}).Debugf("Failed to get disk info, %s", err)
		return VolInfo{}, err
	}
	// As os.Stat() doesn't carry other than ModTime(), use ModTime()
	// as CreatedTime.
	createdTime := st.ModTime()
	return VolInfo{
		Name:    volume,
		Created: createdTime,
		Free:    diskInfo.Free,
		Total:   diskInfo.Total,
		FSType:  diskInfo.FSType,
	}, nil
}

// DeleteVol - delete a volume.
func (s fsStorage) DeleteVol(volume string) error {
	// Verify if volume is valid and it exists.
	volumeDir, err := s.getVolumeDir(volume)
	if err != nil {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"diskPath": s.diskPath,
			"volume":   volume,
		}).Debugf("getVolumeDir failed with %s", err)
		return err
	}
	err = os.Remove(volumeDir)
	if err != nil {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"diskPath": s.diskPath,
			"volume":   volume,
		}).Debugf("Volume remove failed with %s", err)
		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
			return errVolumeNotFound
		} else if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "directory is not empty") {
			// On windows the string is slightly different, handle it here.
			return errVolumeNotEmpty
		} else if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "directory not empty") {
			// Hopefully for all other
			// operating systems, this is
			// assumed to be consistent.
			return errVolumeNotEmpty
		}
		return err
	}
	return nil
}

// ListDir - return all the entries at the given directory path.
// If an entry is a directory it will be returned with a trailing "/".
func (s fsStorage) ListDir(volume, dirPath string) ([]string, error) {
	// Verify if volume is valid and it exists.
	volumeDir, err := s.getVolumeDir(volume)
	if err != nil {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"diskPath": s.diskPath,
			"volume":   volume,
		}).Debugf("getVolumeDir failed with %s", err)
		return nil, err
	}
	// Stat a volume entry.
	_, err = os.Stat(volumeDir)
	if err != nil {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"diskPath": s.diskPath,
			"volume":   volume,
		}).Debugf("Stat on the volume failed with %s", err)
		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
			return nil, errVolumeNotFound
		}
		return nil, err
	}
	return readDir(pathJoin(volumeDir, dirPath))
}

// ReadFile - read a file at a given offset.
func (s fsStorage) ReadFile(volume string, path string, offset int64) (readCloser io.ReadCloser, err error) {
	volumeDir, err := s.getVolumeDir(volume)
	if err != nil {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"diskPath": s.diskPath,
			"volume":   volume,
		}).Debugf("getVolumeDir failed with %s", err)
		return nil, err
	}

	filePath := pathJoin(volumeDir, path)
	if err = checkPathLength(filePath); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	file, err := os.Open(filePath)
	if err != nil {
		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
			return nil, errFileNotFound
		} else if os.IsPermission(err) {
			return nil, errFileAccessDenied
		}
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"diskPath": s.diskPath,
			"filePath": filePath,
		}).Debugf("Opening a file failed with %s", err)
		return nil, err
	}
	st, err := file.Stat()
	if err != nil {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"diskPath": s.diskPath,
			"filePath": filePath,
		}).Debugf("Stat failed with %s", err)
		return nil, err
	}
	// Verify if its not a regular file, since subsequent Seek is undefined.
	if !st.Mode().IsRegular() {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"diskPath": s.diskPath,
			"filePath": filePath,
		}).Debugf("Unexpected type %s", errIsNotRegular)
		return nil, errFileNotFound
	}
	// Seek to requested offset.
	_, err = file.Seek(offset, os.SEEK_SET)
	if err != nil {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"diskPath": s.diskPath,
			"filePath": filePath,
			"offset":   offset,
		}).Debugf("Seek failed with %s", err)
		return nil, err
	}
	return file, nil
}

// CreateFile - create a file at path.
func (s fsStorage) CreateFile(volume, path string) (writeCloser io.WriteCloser, err error) {
	volumeDir, err := s.getVolumeDir(volume)
	if err != nil {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"diskPath": s.diskPath,
			"volume":   volume,
		}).Debugf("getVolumeDir failed with %s", err)
		return nil, err
	}
	if err = checkDiskFree(s.diskPath, s.minFreeDisk); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	filePath := pathJoin(volumeDir, path)
	if err = checkPathLength(filePath); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	// Verify if the file already exists and is not of regular type.
	var st os.FileInfo
	if st, err = os.Stat(filePath); err == nil {
		if st.IsDir() {
			log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
				"diskPath": s.diskPath,
				"filePath": filePath,
			}).Debugf("Unexpected type %s", errIsNotRegular)
			return nil, errIsNotRegular
		}
	}
	w, err := safe.CreateFileWithPrefix(filePath, "$tmpfile")
	if err != nil {
		// File path cannot be verified since one of the parents is a file.
		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "not a directory") {
			return nil, errFileAccessDenied
		}
		return nil, err
	}
	return w, nil
}

// StatFile - get file info.
func (s fsStorage) StatFile(volume, path string) (file FileInfo, err error) {
	volumeDir, err := s.getVolumeDir(volume)
	if err != nil {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"diskPath": s.diskPath,
			"volume":   volume,
		}).Debugf("getVolumeDir failed with %s", err)
		return FileInfo{}, err
	}

	filePath := slashpath.Join(volumeDir, path)
	if err = checkPathLength(filePath); err != nil {
		return FileInfo{}, err
	}
	st, err := os.Stat(filePath)
	if err != nil {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"diskPath": s.diskPath,
			"filePath": filePath,
		}).Debugf("Stat failed with %s", err)

		// File is really not found.
		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
			return FileInfo{}, errFileNotFound
		}

		// File path cannot be verified since one of the parents is a file.
		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "not a directory") {
			return FileInfo{}, errFileNotFound
		}

		// Return all errors here.
		return FileInfo{}, err
	}

	// If its a directory its not a regular file.
	if st.Mode().IsDir() {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"diskPath": s.diskPath,
			"filePath": filePath,
		}).Debugf("File is %s.", errIsNotRegular)
		return FileInfo{}, errFileNotFound
	}
	return FileInfo{
		Volume:  volume,
		Name:    path,
		ModTime: st.ModTime(),
		Size:    st.Size(),
		Mode:    st.Mode(),
	}, nil
}

// deleteFile - delete file path if its empty.
func deleteFile(basePath, deletePath string) error {
	if basePath == deletePath {
		return nil
	}
	// Verify if the path exists.
	pathSt, err := os.Stat(deletePath)
	if err != nil {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"deletePath": deletePath,
		}).Debugf("Stat failed with %s", err)
		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
			return errFileNotFound
		} else if os.IsPermission(err) {
			return errFileAccessDenied
		}
		return err
	}
	if pathSt.IsDir() && !isDirEmpty(deletePath) {
		// Verify if directory is empty.
		return nil
	}
	// Attempt to remove path.
	if err := os.Remove(deletePath); err != nil {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"deletePath": deletePath,
		}).Debugf("Remove failed with %s", err)
		return err
	}
	// Recursively go down the next path and delete again.
	if err := deleteFile(basePath, slashpath.Dir(deletePath)); err != nil {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"basePath":  basePath,
			"deleteDir": slashpath.Dir(deletePath),
		}).Debugf("deleteFile failed with %s", err)
		return err
	}
	return nil
}

// DeleteFile - delete a file at path.
func (s fsStorage) DeleteFile(volume, path string) error {
	volumeDir, err := s.getVolumeDir(volume)
	if err != nil {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"diskPath": s.diskPath,
			"volume":   volume,
		}).Debugf("getVolumeDir failed with %s", err)
		return err
	}

	// Following code is needed so that we retain "/" suffix if any in
	// path argument.
	filePath := pathJoin(volumeDir, path)
	if err = checkPathLength(filePath); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// Delete file and delete parent directory as well if its empty.
	return deleteFile(volumeDir, filePath)
}

// RenameFile - rename file.
func (s fsStorage) RenameFile(srcVolume, srcPath, dstVolume, dstPath string) error {
	srcVolumeDir, err := s.getVolumeDir(srcVolume)
	if err != nil {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"diskPath": s.diskPath,
			"volume":   srcVolume,
		}).Errorf("getVolumeDir failed with %s", err)
		return err
	}
	dstVolumeDir, err := s.getVolumeDir(dstVolume)
	if err != nil {
		log.WithFields(logrus.Fields{
			"diskPath": s.diskPath,
			"volume":   dstVolume,
		}).Errorf("getVolumeDir failed with %s", err)
		return err
	}
	srcIsDir := strings.HasSuffix(srcPath, slashSeparator)
	dstIsDir := strings.HasSuffix(dstPath, slashSeparator)
	// for XL src and dst are always directories.
	// for FS src and dst are always files.
	if !(srcIsDir && dstIsDir || !srcIsDir && !dstIsDir) {
		// Either src and dst have to be directories or files, else return error.
		log.Errorf("source and destination are not of same file type. source=%s, destination=%s", srcPath, dstPath)
		return errFileAccessDenied
	}
	if srcIsDir {
		// If source is a directory we expect the destination to be non-existent always.
		_, err = os.Stat(slashpath.Join(dstVolumeDir, dstPath))
		if err == nil {
			log.Errorf("Source is a directory and destination exists. source=%s, destination=%s", srcPath, dstPath)
			return errFileAccessDenied
		}
		if !os.IsNotExist(err) {
			// Return error for any error other than ENOENT.
			log.Errorf("Stat failed with %s", err)
			return err
		}
		// Destination does not exist, hence proceed with the rename.
	}
	if err = os.MkdirAll(slashpath.Dir(slashpath.Join(dstVolumeDir, dstPath)), 0755); err != nil {
		// File path cannot be verified since one of the parents is a file.
		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "not a directory") {
			return errFileAccessDenied
		}
		log.Errorf("os.MkdirAll failed with %s", err)
		return err
	}
	err = os.Rename(slashpath.Join(srcVolumeDir, srcPath), slashpath.Join(dstVolumeDir, dstPath))
	if err != nil {
		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
			return errFileNotFound
		}
		log.Errorf("os.Rename failed with %s", err)
		return err
	}
	return nil
}