OSS go sdk lacks licensing terms in their
repository, and there has been no activity
On the issue here https://github.com/aliyun/aliyun-oss-go-sdk/issues/245
This PR is to ensure we remove any dependency code which
lacks explicit license file in their repo.
- keep long running obd network tests alive
- fix error - wrong number of parents in process OBD info
- ensure that osinfo does not error out when inside containers
- remove limit on max number of connections per client transport
The generic client transport uses a default limit of 64 conns per transport.
This could end up limiting and throttling usage, and artificially slowing
down the performance of MinIO even on hardware capable of doing better.
New value defaults to 100K events by default,
but users can tune this value upto any value
they seem necessary.
* increase the limit to maxint64 while validating
This PR also fixes issues when
deletePolicy, deleteUser is idempotent so can lead to
issues when client can prematurely timeout, so a retry
call error response should be ignored when call returns
http.StatusNotFound
Fixes#9347
allow `mc admin config set mygateway/ audit_webhook --env`
to fetch the documentation as needed, this is just to
ensure that our users can still access the relevant
ENV docs while running in gateway mode.
Instead of GlobalContext use a local context for tests.
Most notably this allows stuff created to be shut down
when tests using it is done. After PR #9345 9331 CI is
often running out of memory/time.
Add two new configuration entries, api.requests-max and
api.requests-deadline which have the same role of
MINIO_API_REQUESTS_MAX and MINIO_API_REQUESTS_DEADLINE.
This PR fixes couple of behaviors with service accounts
- not need to have session token for service accounts
- service accounts can be generated by any user for themselves
implicitly, with a valid signature.
- policy input for AddNewServiceAccount API is not fully typed
allowing for validation before it is sent to the server.
- also bring in additional context for admin API errors if any
when replying back to client.
- deprecate GetServiceAccount API as we do not need to reply
back session tokens
- Introduced a function `FetchRegisteredTargets` which will return
a complete set of registered targets irrespective to their states,
if the `returnOnTargetError` flag is set to `False`
- Refactor NewTarget functions to return non-nil targets
- Refactor GetARNList() to return a complete list of configured targets
- Removes PerfInfo admin API as its not OBDInfo
- Keep the drive path without the metaBucket in OBD
global latency map.
- Remove all the unused code related to PerfInfo API
- Do not redefined global mib,gib constants use
humanize.MiByte and humanize.GiByte instead always
if needed use --no-compat to disable md5sum while
verifying any performance numbers.
bring back --compat behavior as default to avoid
additional documentation and confusing behavior,
as we are working towards improving md5sum to
be faster on AVX instructions, enabling this
should be hardly a problem in future versions
of MinIO.
fixes#8012fixes#7859fixes#7642
Continuing from previous PR #9304, comment
is a special key is not present in the
default KV list. Add it explicitly when
tokenizing fields as it may be possible that
some clients might try to set comments.
This PR adds context-based `k=v` splits based
on the sub-system which was obtained, if the
keys are not provided an error will be thrown
during parsing, if keys are provided with wrong
values an error will be thrown. Keys can now
have values which are of a much more complex
form such as `k="v=v"` or `k=" v = v"`
and other variations.
additionally, deprecate unnecessary postgres/mysql
configuration styles, support only
- connection_string for Postgres
- dsn_string for MySQL
All other parameters are removed.
This commit fixes a performance issue caused
by too many calls to the external KMS - i.e.
for single-part PUT requests.
In general, the issue is caused by a sub-optimal
code structure. In particular, when the server
encrypts an object it requests a new data encryption
key from the KMS. With this key it does some key
derivation and encrypts the object content and
ETag.
However, to behave S3-compatible the MinIO server
has to return the plaintext ETag to the client
in case SSE-S3.
Therefore, the server code used to decrypt the
(previously encrypted) ETag again by requesting
the data encryption key (KMS decrypt API) from
the KMS.
This leads to 2 KMS API calls (1 generate key and
1 decrypt key) per PUT operation - while only
one KMS call is necessary.
This commit fixes this by fetching a data key only
once from the KMS and keeping the derived object
encryption key around (for the lifetime of the request).
This leads to a significant performance improvement
w.r.t. to PUT workloads:
```
Operation: PUT
Operations: 161 -> 239
Duration: 28s -> 29s
* Average: +47.56% (+25.8 MiB/s) throughput, +47.56% (+2.6) obj/s
* Fastest: +55.49% (+34.5 MiB/s) throughput, +55.49% (+3.5) obj/s
* 50% Median: +58.24% (+32.8 MiB/s) throughput, +58.24% (+3.3) obj/s
* Slowest: +1.83% (+0.6 MiB/s) throughput, +1.83% (+0.1) obj/s
```
Fixes#8667
In addition to the above, if the user is mapped to a policy or
belongs in a group, the user-info API returns this information,
but otherwise, the API will now return a non-existent user error.
make rest of the Walk() function more predictable,
it was observed that in nominal deployments even
without much workload the drives are generally
slow for respond for readdir operations, for the
sleepDuration factor of 10 this can cause
unexpected slowness in the Listing calls, while
it is good for all other I/O, it may simply slow
down Listing immensely which is not useful.
fixes#9261
In FS mode under Windows, removing an object will not automatically.
remove parent empty prefixes.
The reason is that path.Dir() was used, however filepath.Dir() is
more appropriate since filepath is physical (meaning it operates
on OS filesystem paths)
This is not caught because failure for Windows CI is not caught.
fs-v1 in server mode only checks to see if the path exist, so that it
returns ready before it is indeed ready.
This change adds a check to ensure that the global object api is
available too before reporting ready.
Fixes#9283
It is some times common and convenient to use
just local IPs for testing purposes, 127.0.0.x
are special IPs regardless of being available on
an interface they can be bound to on all operating
systems.
Allow this behavior to work for minio server
fixes#9274
also, bring in an additional policy to ensure that
force delete bucket is only allowed with the right
policy for the user, just DeleteBucketAction
policy action is not enough.
This PR also tries to simplify the approach taken in
object-locking implementation by preferential treatment
given towards full validation.
This in-turn has fixed couple of bugs related to
how policy should have been honored when ByPassGovernance
is provided.
Simplifies code a bit, but also duplicates code intentionally
for clarity due to complex nature of object locking
implementation.
Too many deployments come up with an odd number
of hosts or drives, to facilitate even distribution
among those setups allow for odd and prime numbers
based packs.
- B2 does actually return an MD5 hash for newly uploaded objects
so we can use it to provide better compatibility with S3 client
libraries that assume the ETag is the MD5 hash such as boto.
- depends on change in blazer library.
- new behaviour is only enabled if MinIO's --compat mode is active.
- behaviour for multipart uploads is unchanged (works fine as is).
- Implement a graph algorithm to test network bandwidth from every
node to every other node
- Saturate any network bandwidth adaptively, accounting for slow
and fast network capacity
- Implement parallel drive OBD tests
- Implement a paging mechanism for OBD test to provide periodic updates to client
- Implement Sys, Process, Host, Mem OBD Infos
- total number of S3 API calls per server
- maximum wait duration for any S3 API call
This implementation is primarily meant for situations
where HDDs are not capable enough to handle the incoming
workload and there is no way to throttle the client.
This feature allows MinIO server to throttle itself
such that we do not overwhelm the HDDs.
- acquire since leader lock for all background operations
- healing, crawling and applying lifecycle policies.
- simplify lifecyle to avoid network calls, which was a
bug in implementation - we should hold a leader and
do everything from there, we have access to entire
name space.
- make listing, walking not interfere by slowing itself
down like the crawler.
- effectively use global context everywhere to ensure
proper shutdown, in cache, lifecycle, healing
- don't read `format.json` for prometheus metrics in
StorageInfo() call.
- Add conservative timeouts upto 3 minutes
for internode communication
- Add aggressive timeouts of 30 seconds
for gateway communication
Fixes#9105Fixes#8732Fixes#8881Fixes#8376Fixes#9028
This is to improve responsiveness for all
admin API operations and allowing callers
to cancel any on-going admin operations,
if they happen to be waiting too long.
canonicalize the ENVs such that we can bring these ENVs
as part of the config values, as a subsequent change.
- fix location of per bucket usage to `.minio.sys/buckets/<bucket_name>/usage-cache.bin`
- fix location of the overall usage in `json` at `.minio.sys/buckets/.usage.json`
(avoid conflicts with a bucket named `usage.json` )
- fix location of the overall usage in `msgp` at `.minio.sys/buckets/.usage.bin`
(avoid conflicts with a bucket named `usage.bin`
As an optimization of the healing, HealObjects() avoid sending an
object to the background healing subsystem when the object is
present in all disks.
However, HealObjects() should have checked the scan type, if this
deep, always pass the object to the healing subsystem.
Currently, a tree walking, needed to a list objects in a specific
set quits listing as long as it finds no entries in a disk, which
is wrong.
This affected background healing, because the latter is using
tree walk directly. If one object does not exist in the first
disk for example, it will be seemed like the object does not
exist at all and no healing work is needed.
This commit fixes the behavior.
The staleness of a lock should be determined by
the quorum number of entries returning stale,
this allows for situations when locks are held
when nodes are down - we don't accidentally
clear locks unintentionally when they are valid
and correct.
Also lock maintenance should be run by all servers,
not one server, stale locks need to be run outside
the requirement for holding distributed locks.
Thanks @klauspost for reproducing this issue
Some AWS SDKs latently rely on this value some times
to calculate the right number of parts during a parallel
GetObject request, this is feature used along with
content-range - we should support this as well.
- avoid setting last heal activity when starting self-healing
This can be confusing to users thinking that the self healing
cycle was already performed.
- add info about the next background healing round
OperationTimedout error occurs when locking
timesout, trying to acquire a lock. This
error should be returned appropriately to
the client with http status "408" (request timedout)
This translation was broken, fix it.
Bulk delete API was using cleanupObjectsBulk() which calls posix
listing and delete API to remove objects internal files in the
backend (xl.json and parts) one by one.
Add DeletePrefixes in the storage API to remove the content
of a directory in a single call.
Also use a remove goroutine for each disk to accelerate removal.
Currently the code assumed some orthogonal requirements
which led situations where when we have a setup where
we have let's say for example 168 drives, the final
set_drive_count chosen was 14. Indeed 168 drives are
divisible by 12 but this wasn't allowed due to an
unexpected requirement to have 12 to be a perfect modulo
of 14 which is not possible. This assumption was incorrect.
This PR fixes this old assumption properly, also adds
few tests and some negative tests as well. Improvements
are seen in error messages as well.
- Remove the requirement to honor storage class for deletes
- Improve `posix.DeleteFileBulk` code to Stat the volumeDir
only once per call, rather than for all object paths.
Recent modification in the code led to incorrect calculation
of offline disks.
This commit saves the endpoint list in a xlObjects then we know
the name of each disk.
lock ownership is limited to endpoints on first zone,
as we do not hold locks on other zones in an expanded
setup. current code unintentionally expired active locks
when it couldn't see ownership from the secondary zone
which leads to unexpected bugs as locking fails to work
as expected.
this PR enforces md5sum verification for following
API's to be compatible with AWS S3 spec
- PutObjectRetention
- PutObjectLegalHold
Co-authored-by: Harshavardhana <harsha@minio.io>
Allow downloading goroutine dump to help detect leaks
or overuse of goroutines.
Extensions are now type dependent.
Change `profiling` -> `profile` prefix, since that is what they are
not the abstract concept.
This is a precursor change before versioning,
removes/deprecates the requirement of remembering
partName and partETag which are not useful after
a multipart transaction has finished.
This PR reduces the overall size of the backend
JSON for large file uploads.
For a non-existent user server would return STS not initialized
```
aws --profile harsha --endpoint-url http://localhost:9000 \
sts assume-role \
--role-arn arn:xxx:xxx:xxx:xxxx \
--role-session-name anything
```
instead return an appropriate error as expected by STS API
Additionally also format the `trace` output for STS APIs
Upgrades between releases are failing due to strict
rule to avoid rolling upgrades, it is enough to
bump up APIs between versions to allow for quorum
failure and wait times. Authentication failures are
catastrophic in nature which leads to server not
be able to upgrade properly.
Fixes#9021Fixes#8968
To allow better control the cache eviction process.
Introduce MINIO_CACHE_WATERMARK_LOW and
MINIO_CACHE_WATERMARK_HIGH env. variables to specify
when to stop/start cache eviction process.
Deprecate MINIO_CACHE_EXPIRY environment variable. Cache
gc sweeps at 30 minute intervals whenever high watermark is
reached to clear least recently accessed entries in the cache
until sufficient space is cleared to reach the low watermark.
Garbage collection uses an adaptive file scoring approach based
on last access time, with greater weights assigned to larger
objects and those with more hits to find the candidates for eviction.
Thanks to @klauspost for this file scoring algorithm
Co-authored-by: Klaus Post <klauspost@minio.io>
Change distributed locking to allow taking bulk locks
across objects, reduces usually 1000 calls to 1.
Also allows for situations where multiple clients sends
delete requests to objects with following names
```
{1,2,3,4,5}
```
```
{5,4,3,2,1}
```
will block and ensure that we do not fail the request
on each other.
Metrics used to have its own code to calculate offline disks.
StorageInfo() was avoided because it is an expensive operation
by sending calls to all nodes.
To make metrics & server info share the same code, a new
argument `local` is added to StorageInfo() so it will only
query local disks when needed.
Metrics now calls StorageInfo() as server info handler does
but with the local flag set to false.
Co-authored-by: Praveen raj Mani <praveen@minio.io>
Co-authored-by: Harshavardhana <harsha@minio.io>
Add dummy calls which respond success when ACL's
are set to be private and fails, if user tries
to change them from their default 'private'
Some applications such as nuxeo may have an
unnecessary requirement for this operation,
we support this anyways such that don't have
to fully implement the functionality just that
we can respond with success for default ACLs
Avoid GetObjectNInfo call from cache in CopyObjectHandler
- in the case of server side copy with metadata replacement,
the reader returned from cache is never consumed, but the net
effect of GetObjectNInfo from cache layer, is cache holding a
write lock to fill the cache. Subsequent stat operation on cache in
CopyObject is not able to acquire a read lock, thus causing the hang.
Fixes#8991
we don't need to validateFormats again once we have obtained
reference format, because it is possible that at this stage
another server is doing a disk heal during startup, once
in a while due to delays we get false positives and our
server doesn't start.
Format in quorum as reference format can be assumed as valid
and we proceed further, until and unless HealFormat re-inits
the disks after a successful heal.
Also use separate port for healing tests to avoid any
conflicts with regular build testing.
Fixes#8884
RegisterNotificationTargets() cleans up all connections
that it makes to notification targets when an error occurs
during its execution.
However there is a typo in the code that makes the function to always
try to access to a nil pointer in the defer code since the function
in question will always return nil in the case of any error.
This commit fixes the typo in the code.
http.Request.ContentLength can be negative, which affects
the gateway_s3_bytes_received value in Prometheus output.
The commit only increases the value of the total received bytes
in gateway mode when r.ContentLength is greater than zero.
First step is to ensure that Path component is not decoded
by gorilla/mux to avoid routing issues while handling
certain characters while uploading through PutObject()
Delay the decoding and use PathUnescape() to escape
the `object` path component.
Thanks to @buengese and @ncw for neat test cases for us
to test with.
Fixes#8950Fixes#8647
We added support for caching and S3 related metrics in #8591. As
a continuation, it would be helpful to add support for Azure & GCS
gateway related metrics as well.
The logging subsystem was initialized under init() method in
both gateway-main.go and server-main.go which are part of
same package. This created two logging targets and hence
errors were logged twice. This PR moves the init() method
to common-main.go
Streams are returning a readcloser and returning would
decrement io count instantly, fix it.
change maxActiveIOCount to 3, meaning it will pause
crawling if 3 operations are running.
Remove the random sleep. This is running in 4 goroutines,
so mostly doing nothing.
We use the getSize latency to estimate system load,
meaning when there is little load on the system and
we get the result fast we sleep a little.
If it took a long time we have high load and release
ourselves longer.
We are sleeping inside the mutex so this affects all
goroutines doing IO.
Due to a typo in the code, a cluster was not correctly creating
`background-ops` in all disks and nodes print the following error:
minio3_1 | API: SYSTEM()
minio3_1 | Time: 19:32:45 UTC 02/06/2020
minio3_1 | DeploymentID: d67c20fa-4a1e-41f5-b319-7e3e90f425d8
minio3_1 | Error: Bucket not found: .minio.sys/background-ops
minio3_1 | 2: cmd/data-usage.go:109:cmd.runDataUsageInfo()
minio3_1 | 1: cmd/data-usage.go:56:cmd.runDataUsageInfoUpdateRoutine()
This commit fixes the typo.
Adding mutex slows down the crawler to avoid large
spikes in CPU, also add millisecond interval jitter
in calculation of disk usage to slow down the spikes
further.
This is to fix a situation where an object name incorrectly
is sent with '//' in its path heirarchy, we should reject
such object names because they may be hashed to a set where
the object might not originally belong because, this can
cause situations where once object is uploaded we cannot
delete it anymore.
Fixes#8873
This commit fixes typos in the displayed server info
w.r.t. the KMS and removes the update status.
For more information about why the update status
is removed see: PR #8943
This commit removes the `Update` functionality
from the admin API. While this is technically
a breaking change I think this will not cause
any harm because:
- The KMS admin API is not complete, yet.
At the moment only the status can be fetched.
- The `mc` integration hasn't been merged yet.
So no `mc` client could have used this API
in the past.
The `Update`/`Rewrap` status is not useful anymore.
It provided a way to migrate from one master key version
to another. However, KES does not support the concept of
key versions. Instead, key migration should be implemented
as migration from one master key to another.
Basically, the `Update` functionality has been implemented just
for Vault.
- pkg/bucket/encryption provides support for handling bucket
encryption configuration
- changes under cmd/ provide support for AES256 algorithm only
Co-Authored-By: Poorna <poornas@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Harshavardhana <harsha@minio.io>
XL crawling wrongly returns a zero buckets count when
there are no objects uploaded in the server yet. The reason is
data of the crawler of posix returns invalid result when all
disks has zero objects.
A simple fix is to always pick the crawling result of the first
disk but choose over the result of the disk which has the most
objects in it.
looks like 1024 buffer size is not enough in
all situations, use 8192 instead which
can satisfy all the rare situations that
may arise in base64 decoding.
multi-delete API failed with write quorum errors
under following situations
- list of files requested for delete doesn't exist
anymore can lead to quorum errors and failure
- due to usage of query param for paths, for really
long paths MinIO server rejects these requests as
malformed as unexpected.
This was reproduced with warp
The server info handler makes a http connection to other
nodes to check if they are up but does not load the custom
CAs in ~/.minio/certs/CAs.
This commit fix it.
Co-authored-by: Harshavardhana <harsha@minio.io>
JWT parsing is simplified by using a custom claim
data structure such as MapClaims{}, also writes
a custom Unmarshaller for faster unmarshalling.
- Avoid as much reflections as possible
- Provide the right types for functions as much
as possible
- Avoid strings.Join, strings.Split to reduce
allocations, rely on indexes directly.
For 'snapshot' type profiles, record a 'before' profile that can be used
as `go tool pprof -base=before ...` to compare before and after.
"Before" profiles are included in the zipped package.
[`runtime.MemProfileRate`](https://golang.org/pkg/runtime/#pkg-variables)
should not be updated while the application is running, so we set it at startup.
Co-authored-by: Harshavardhana <harsha@minio.io>
On every restart of the server, usage was being
calculated which is not useful instead wait for
sufficient time to start the crawling routine.
This PR also avoids lots of double allocations
through strings, optimizes usage of string builders
and also avoids crawling through symbolic links.
Fixes#8844
Choosing maxAllowedIOError is arbitrary and
prone to errors, when drives might be perfectly
capable of taking I/O with only few locations
return I/O error. This is a hindrance of sort
where backend filesystems like ZFS can automatically
fix and handle these scenarios.
The added problem with current approach that we
take the drive offline, making it virtually impossible
to bring it online without restart the server which
is not desirable on a busy cluster. Remove this state
such that let the backend return error appropriately
to caller and let the caller decide what to do with
the error.
return http.ErrServerClosed with proper body when
server is shutting down, allowing more context instead
of just returning '503' which doesn't mean the same
thing.
code of this form is always racy, when the
map itself is being written to as well
```
func (r Map) retMap() map[string]string {
.. lock ..
return r.internalMap
}
func (r Map) addMap(k, v string) {
.. lock ..
r.internalMap[k] = v
}
```
Anyone reading from `retMap()` is not protected
because of locking and we need to make sure
to avoid code in this manner. Always safe to
copy the map and return.
Zone abstraction of object layer was returning `nil`
incorrectly under situations where disk healing is
not required. Returning `nil` is considered as healing
successful, which leads to unexpected ReloadFormat()
peer notification calls during startup.
This PR fixes this behavior properly for zones.
Meta volumes directories, tmp/, background-ops/, etc..
undr .minio.sys are created when disks are formatted
but also when the cluster is started.
However using MakeVolBulk() is not appropriate in the
case of a user migrating from a version which does not
have .minio.sys/background-ops/. The reason is that
MakeVolBulk() exits early when an error is occured:
errVolumeExists in this case, which is expected since
some directories such as tmp/ already exist.
This commit will avoid use MakeVolBulk and use MakeVol
instead.
Also the PR will make each node creates meta volumes
in its local disks and stop relying on the first disk
since the first node could be offline.
instead perform a liveness check call to
verify if server is online and print relevant
errors.
Also introduce a StorageErr string error type
instead of errors.New() deprecate usage of
VerifyFileError, DeleteFileError for gob,
change in datastructure also requires bump in
storage REST version to v13.
Fixes#8811
Enabling the memory profiling has a significant impact on performance.
Reduce the profiling rate by 2 orders of magnitude. It is still 128x smaller than default so it should be plenty.
object lock config is enabled for a bucket.
Creating a bucket with object lock configuration
enabled does not automatically cause WORM protection
to be applied. PUT operation needs to specifically
request object locking or bucket has to have default
retention settings configured.
Fixes regression introduced in #8657
When formatting a set validate if a host failure will likely lead to data loss.
While we don't know what config will be set in the future
evaluate to our best knowledge, assuming default settings.
X-Cache sets cache status of HIT if object is
served from the disk cache, or MISS otherwise.
X-Cache-Lookup is set to HIT if object was found
in the cache even if not served (for e.g. if cache
entry was invalidated by ETag verification)
A new key was added in identity_openid recently
required explicitly for client to set the optional
value without that it would be empty, handle this
appropriately.
Fixes#8787
Use reference format to initialize lockers
during startup, also handle `nil` for NetLocker
in dsync and remove *errorLocker* implementation
Add further tuning parameters such as
- DialTimeout is now 15 seconds from 30 seconds
- KeepAliveTimeout is not 20 seconds, 5 seconds
more than default 15 seconds
- ResponseHeaderTimeout to 10 seconds
- ExpectContinueTimeout is reduced to 3 seconds
- DualStack is enabled by default remove setting
it to `true`
- Reduce IdleConnTimeout to 30 seconds from
1 minute to avoid idleConn build up
Fixes#8773
- Stop spawning store replay routines when testing the notification targets
- Properly honor the target.Close() to clean the resources used
Fixes#8707
Co-authored-by: Harshavardhana <harsha@minio.io>
In certain organizations policy claim names
can be not just 'policy' but also things like
'roles', the value of this field might also
be *string* or *[]string* support this as well
In this PR we are still not supporting multiple
policies per STS account which will require a
more comprehensive change.
Exponential backoff does not seem like a good fit for
this function since we can expect a few roundtrips on
initial startup.
This retry loop get slow pretty quickly with initial
wait being 1 second and each try being double the
wait until 30 seconds is reached.
Instead simply try 2 times per second.
This PR adds jsoniter package to replace encoding/json
in places where faster json unmarshal is necessary
whenever input JSON is large enough.
Some benchmarking comparison between jsoniter and enconding/json
benchmark old MB/s new MB/s speedup
BenchmarkParseUnmarshal/N10-4 110.02 331.17 3.01x
BenchmarkParseUnmarshal/N100-4 125.74 524.09 4.17x
BenchmarkParseUnmarshal/N500-4 131.68 542.60 4.12x
BenchmarkParseUnmarshal/N1000-4 133.93 514.88 3.84x
BenchmarkParseUnmarshal/N5000-4 122.10 415.36 3.40x
BenchmarkParseUnmarshal/N10000-4 132.13 403.90 3.06x
Fixes scenario where zones are appropriately
handled, along with supporting overriding set
count. The new fix also ensures that we handle
the various setup types properly.
Update documentation to properly indicate the
behavior.
Fixes#8750
Co-authored-by: Nitish Tiwari <nitish@minio.io>
Currently when connections to vault fail, client
perpetually retries this leads to assumptions that
the server has issues and masks the problem.
Re-purpose *crypto.Error* type to send appropriate
errors back to the client.
In existing functionality we simply return a generic
error such as "MalformedPolicy" which indicates just
a generic string "invalid resource" which is not very
meaningful when there might be multiple types of errors
during policy parsing. This PR ensures that we send
these errors back to client to indicate the actual
error, brings in two concrete types such as
- iampolicy.Error
- policy.Error
Refer #8202
minio server /data{1..4} shows an error about inability to bind a port, though
the real problem is /data{1..4} cannot be created because of the lack of
permissions.
This commit fix the behavior.
- We should declare a cluster ready even if read quorum is achieved (atleast n/2 disks are online).
- Such that, all the zones should have enough read quorum. Thus making the cluster ready for reads.
We had messy cyclical dependency problem with `mc`
due to dependencies in pkg/console, moved the pkg/console
to minio for more control and also to avoid any further
cyclical dependencies of `mc` clobbering up the
dependencies on server.
Fixes#8659
If two distinct clusters are started with different domains
along with single common domain, this situation was leading
to conflicting buckets getting created on different clusters
To avoid this do not prematurely error out if the key has no
entries, let the caller decide on which entry matches and
which entry is valid. This allows support for MINIO_DOMAIN
with one common domain, but each cluster may have their own
domains.
Fixes#8705
This is to ensure that when we have multiple tenants
deployed all sharing the same etcd for global bucket
should avoid listing each others buckets, this leads
to information leak which should be avoided unless
etcd is not namespaced for IAM assets in which case
it can be assumed that its a federated setup.
Federated setup and namespaced IAM assets on etcd
is not supported since namespacing is only useful
when you wish to separate the tenants as isolated
instances of MinIO.
This PR allows a new type of behavior, primarily
driven by the usecase of m3(mkube) multi-tenant
deployments with global bucket support.
Currently all bucket events are sent to all watchers
with matching prefix and event names, this becomes
problematic and prone to performance issues, fix this
situation by filtering based on buckets as well.
This PR fixes the issue where we might allow policy changes
for temporary credentials out of band, this situation allows
privilege escalation for those temporary credentials. We
should disallow any external actions on temporary creds
as a practice and we should clearly differentiate which
are static and which are temporary credentials.
Refer #8667
Changes in IP underneath are dynamic in replica sets
with multiple tenants, so deploying in that fashion
will not work until we wait for atleast one participatory
server to be local.
This PR also ensures that multi-tenant zone expansion also
works in replica set k8s deployments.
Introduces a new ENV `KUBERNETES_REPLICA_SET` check to call
appropriate code paths.
Continuation from #8629 which basically broke
zone deployments on k8s statefulset environment
due to incorrect assumptions which made it work
on replicated set.
Fix this properly such that this container works
for both replicated set and stateful set deployment
This commit removes github.com/minio/kes as
a dependency and implements the necessary
client-side functionality without relying
on the KES project.
This resolves the licensing issue since
KES is licensed under AGPL while MinIO
is licensed under Apache.
With this PR,cache eviction will continue until
no LRU entries older than an hour can be cache
evicted or sufficient percentage of disk space
has been reclaimed.
This ensures that we can update the
- .minio.sys is updated for accounting/data usage purposes
- .minio.sys is updated to indicate if backend is encrypted
or not.
The approach is that now safe mode is only invoked when
we cannot read the config or under some catastrophic
situations, but not under situations when config entries
are invalid or unreachable. This allows for maximum
availability for MinIO and not fail on our users unlike
most of our historical releases.
This commit adds support for the minio/kes KMS.
See: https://github.com/minio/kes
In particular you can configure it as KMS by:
- `export MINIO_KMS_KES_ENDPOINT=` // Server URL
- `export MINIO_KMS_KES_KEY_FILE=` // TLS client private key
- `export MINIO_KMS_KES_CERT_FILE=` // TLS client certificate
- `export MINIO_KMS_KES_CA_PATH=` // Root CAs issuing server cert
- `export MINIO_KMS_KES_KEY_NAME=` // The name of the (default)
master key
Admin data usage info API returns the following
(Only FS & XL, for now)
- Number of buckets
- Number of objects
- The total size of objects
- Objects histogram
- Bucket sizes
In replica sets, hosts resolve to localhost
IP automatically until the deployment fully
comes up. To avoid this issue we need to
wait for such resolution.
Final update to all messages across sub-systems
after final review, the only change here is that
NATS now has TLS and TLSSkipVerify to be consistent
for all other notification targets.
This PR adds support below metrics
- Cache Hit Count
- Cache Miss Count
- Data served from Cache (in Bytes)
- Bytes received from AWS S3
- Bytes sent to AWS S3
- Number of requests sent to AWS S3
Fixes#8549
Fixes an issue reported by @klauspost and @vadmeste
This PR also allows users to expand their clusters
from single node XL deployment to distributed mode.
Currently, we use the top-level prefix "config/"
for all our IAM assets, instead of to provide
tenant-level separation bring 'path_prefix'
to namespace the access properly.
Fixes#8567
StorageInfo() call is supposed to give each
server/disk information independently, rely
on this appropriately so that `mc admin info server`
gets correct information all the time.
Regression from #8509 which changes objectsToDelete entry
from a list to map. This will cause index out of range
panic if object is not selected for delete.
level - this PR builds on #8120 which
added PutBucketObjectLockConfiguration and
GetBucketObjectLockConfiguration APIS
This PR implements PutObjectRetention,
GetObjectRetention API and enhances
PUT and GET API operations to display
governance metadata if permissions allow.
- added ability to specify CA for self-signed certificates
- added option to authenticate using client certificates
- added unit tests for nats connections
We should only read ahead if we are reading big files. We enable it for files >= 16MB.
Benchmark on 64KB objects.
Before:
```
Operation: GET
Errors: 0
Average: 59.976s, 87.13 MB/s, 1394.07 ops ended/s.
Fastest: 1s, 90.99 MB/s, 1455.00 ops ended/s.
50% Median: 1s, 87.53 MB/s, 1401.00 ops ended/s.
Slowest: 1s, 81.39 MB/s, 1301.00 ops ended/s.
```
After:
```
Operation: GET
Errors: 0
Average: 59.992s, 207.99 MB/s, 3327.85 ops ended/s.
Fastest: 1s, 219.20 MB/s, 3507.00 ops ended/s.
50% Median: 1s, 210.54 MB/s, 3368.00 ops ended/s.
Slowest: 1s, 179.14 MB/s, 2865.00 ops ended/s.
```
The 64KB buffer is actually a small disadvantage for this case, but I believe it will be better in general than no buffer.
- Migrate and save only settings which are enabled
- Rename logger_http to logger_webhook and
logger_http_audit to audit_webhook
- No more pretty printing comments, comment
is a key=value pair now.
- Avoid quotes on values which do not have space in them
- `state="on"` is implicit for all SetConfigKV unless
specified explicitly as `state="off"`
- Disabled IAM users should be disabled always
The code does not properly set a new deployemnt ID when not present
in format.json: it loops twice without releasing write lock on format.json
causing an infinite locking error on the same file.
This commit fixes and simplifies a little the code.
This PR implements locking from a global entity into
a more localized set level entity, allowing for locks
to be held only on the resources which are writing
to a collection of disks rather than a global level.
In this process this PR also removes the top-level
limit of 32 nodes to an unlimited number of nodes. This
is a precursor change before bring in bucket expansion.
This PR also fixes issues related to
- Add proper newline for `mc admin config get` output
for more than one targets
- Fixes issue of temporary user credentials to have
consistent output
- Fixes a crash when setting a key with empty values
- Fixes a parsing issue with `mc admin config history`
- Fixes gateway ENV handling for etcd server and gateway
This PR fixes issues found in config migration
- StorageClass migration error when rrs is empty
- Plain-text migration of older config
- Do not run in safe mode with incorrect credentials
- Update logger_http documentation for _STATE env
Refer more reported issues at #8434
This PR refactors object layer handling such
that upon failure in sub-system initialization
server reaches a stage of safe-mode operation
wherein only certain API operations are enabled
and available.
This allows for fixing many scenarios such as
- incorrect configuration in vault, etcd,
notification targets
- missing files, incomplete config migrations
unable to read encrypted content etc
- any other issues related to notification,
policies, lifecycle etc
This PR brings support for `history` list to
list in the following agreed format
```
~ mc admin config history list -n 2 myminio
RestoreId: df0ebb1e-69b0-4043-b9dd-ab54508f2897
Date: Mon, 04 Nov 2019 17:27:27 GMT
region name="us-east-1" state="on"
region name="us-east-1" state="on"
region name="us-east-1" state="on"
region name="us-east-1" state="on"
RestoreId: ecc6873a-0ed3-41f9-b03e-a2a1bab48b5f
Date: Mon, 04 Nov 2019 17:28:23 GMT
region name=us-east-1 state=off
```
This PR also moves the help templating and coloring to
fully `mc` side instead than `madmin` API.
This PR adds code to appropriately handle versioning issues
that come up quite constantly across our API changes. Currently
we were also routing our requests wrong which sort of made it
harder to write a consistent error handling code to appropriately
reject or honor requests.
This PR potentially fixes issues
- old mc is used against new minio release which is incompatible
returns an appropriate for client action.
- any older servers talking to each other, report appropriate error
- incompatible peer servers should report error and reject the calls
with appropriate error
This is to avoid making calls to backend and requiring
gateways to allow permissions for ListBuckets() operation
just for Liveness checks, we can avoid this and make
our liveness checks to be more performant.
- Supports migrating only when the credential ENVs are set,
so any FS mode deployments which do not have ENVs set will
continue to remain as is.
- Credential ENVs can be rotated using MINIO_ACCESS_KEY_OLD
and MINIO_SECRET_KEY_OLD envs, in such scenarios it allowed
to rotate the encrypted content to a new admin key.
This commit replaces the returned error message by
the hardware info handler from `Method-Not-Allowed`
to `Bad-Request` since the current HTTP error is not
correct according to the HTTP spec.
In particular:
```
The origin server MUST generate an Allow header field
in a 405 response containing a list of the target
resource's currently supported methods.
```
From: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-6.5.5
- This PR allows config KVS to be validated properly
without being affected by ENV overrides, rejects
invalid values during set operation
- Expands unit tests and refactors the error handling
for notification targets, returns error instead of
ignoring targets for invalid KVS
- Does all the prep-work for implementing safe-mode
style operation for MinIO server, introduces a new
global variable to toggle safe mode based operations
NOTE: this PR itself doesn't provide safe mode operations
The new auto healing model selects one node always responsible
for auto-healing the whole cluster, erasure set by erasure set.
If that node dies, another node will be elected as a leading
operator to perform healing.
This code also adds a goroutine which checks each 10 minutes
if there are any new unformatted disks and performs its healing
in that case, only the erasure set which has the new disk will
be healed.
While Tracing requests on server, type assertion on logger.ResponseWriter
caused nil pointer exception because of recordAPIStats{} being
used as ResponseWriter. This PR avoids the type assertion and
initializes a new logger.ResponseWriter.
Fixes regression introduced in #8003
- adding oauth support to MinIO browser (#8400) by @kanagaraj
- supports multi-line get/set/del for all config fields
- add support for comments, allow toggle
- add extensive validation of config before saving
- support MinIO browser to support proper claims, using STS tokens
- env support for all config parameters, legacy envs are also
supported with all documentation now pointing to latest ENVs
- preserve accessKey/secretKey from FS mode setups
- add history support implements three APIs
- ClearHistory
- RestoreHistory
- ListHistory
- add help command support for each config parameters
- all the bug fixes after migration to KV, and other bug
fixes encountered during testing.
The measures are consolidated to the following metrics
- `disk_storage_used` : Disk space used by the disk.
- `disk_storage_available`: Available disk space left on the disk.
- `disk_storage_total`: Total disk space on the disk.
- `disks_offline`: Total number of offline disks in current MinIO instance.
- `disks_total`: Total number of disks in current MinIO instance.
- `s3_requests_total`: Total number of s3 requests in current MinIO instance.
- `s3_errors_total`: Total number of errors in s3 requests in current MinIO instance.
- `s3_requests_current`: Total number of active s3 requests in current MinIO instance.
- `internode_rx_bytes_total`: Total number of internode bytes received by current MinIO server instance.
- `internode_tx_bytes_total`: Total number of bytes sent to the other nodes by current MinIO server instance.
- `s3_rx_bytes_total`: Total number of s3 bytes received by current MinIO server instance.
- `s3_tx_bytes_total`: Total number of s3 bytes sent by current MinIO server instance.
- `minio_version_info`: Current MinIO version with commit-id.
- `s3_ttfb_seconds_bucket`: Histogram that holds the latency information of the requests.
And this PR also modifies the current StorageInfo queries
- Decouples StorageInfo from ServerInfo .
- StorageInfo is enhanced to give endpoint information.
NOTE: ADMIN API VERSION IS BUMPED UP IN THIS PR
Fixes#7873
xl.isObject() returns 'nil' for not found disks when
calculating the existance of xl.json for a given object,
which what StatFile() is also doing (setting nil) if
xl.json exists.
This commit avoids this confusion by setting errDiskNotFound
error when the storage disk is not found.
When `mc admin user add` is attempted in gateway mode without
etcd setup, NoSuchBucket error is returned instead of MethodNotAllowed.
Regression from commit - e48005ddc7
Background append creates a temporary file which appends
uploaded parts as long as they are available, but when a
client stops the upload, the temporary file is not removed
by any way.
This commit removes the temporary file when the server does
its regular removing stale multipart uploads.
specific errors, `application` errors or `all` by default.
console logging on server by default lists all logs -
enhance admin console API to accept `type` as query parameter to
subscribe to application/minio logs.
- This PR fixes situation to avoid underflow, this is possible
because of disconnected operations in replay/sendEvents
- Hold right locks if Del() operation is performed in Get()
- Remove panic in the code and use loggerOnce
- Remove Timer and instead use Ticker instead for proper ticks
On Kubernetes/Docker setups DNS resolves inappropriately
sometimes where there are situations same endpoints with
multiple disks come online indicating either one of them
is local and some of them are not local. This situation
can never happen and its only a possibility in orchestrated
deployments with dynamic DNS. Following code ensures that we
treat if one of the endpoint says its local for a given host
it is true for all endpoints for the same host. Following code
ensures that this assumption is true and it works in all
scenarios and it is safe to assume for a given host.
This PR also adds validation such that we do not crash the
server if there are bugs in the endpoints list in dsync
initialization.
Thanks to Daniel Valdivia <hola@danielvaldivia.com> for
reproducing this, this fix is needed as part of the
https://github.com/minio/m3 project.
This change is related to larger config migration PR
change, this is a first stage change to move our
configs to `cmd/config/` - divided into its subsystems
Current master repeatedly calls ListBuckets() during
initialization of multiple sub-systems
Use single ListBuckets() call for each sub-system as
follows
- LifeCycle
- Policy
- Notification
- Heal if the part.1 is truncated from its original size
- Heal if the part.1 fails while being verified in between
- Heal if the part.1 fails while being at a certain offset
Other cleanups include make sure to flush the HTTP responses
properly from storage-rest-server, avoid using 'defer' to
improve call latency. 'defer' incurs latency avoid them
in our hot-paths such as storage-rest handlers.
Fixes#8319
Minio V2 listing uses object names/prefixes as continuation tokens. This
is problematic when object names contain some characters that are forbidden
in XML documents. This PR will use base64 encoded form of continuation
and next continuation tokens to address that corner case.
errors.errorString() cannot be marshalled by gob
encoder, so using a slice of []error would fail
to be encoded. This leads to no errors being
generated instead gob.Decoder on the storage-client
would see an io.EOF
To avoid such bugs introduce a typed error for
handling such translations and register this type
for gob encoding support.
On objects bigger than 100MiB can have a corrupted object
stored due to partial blockListing attempted right after
each blocks uploaded. Simplify this code to ensure that
all the blocks successfully uploaded are committed right
away.
This PR also updates the azure-sdk-go to latest release.
- Choose a unique uuid such that under situations of duplicate
mounts we do not append to an existing json entry.
- Avoid AppendFile instead use WriteAll() to write the entire
byte array atomically.
When url encoding is passed in v2 listing handler, continuationToken
and nextContinuationToken needs to be encoded. The reason is that
both represents an object name/prefix in Minio server and it could
contain a character unsupported by XML specification.
This PR additionally also adds support for missing
- Session policy support for AD/LDAP
- Add API request/response parameters detail
- Update example to take ldap username,
password input from the command line
- Fixes session policy handling for
ClientGrants and WebIdentity
This commit removes the SSE-S3 key rotation functionality
from CopyObject since there will be a dedicated Admin-API
for this purpose.
Also update the security documentation to link to mc and
the admin documentation.
This commit allows the MinIO server to parse the metadata if:
- either the `X-Minio-Internal-Server-Side-Encryption-S3-Key-Id`
and the `X-Minio-Internal-Server-Side-Encryption-S3-Kms-Sealed-Key`
entries are present.
- or *both* headers are not present.
This is in service to support a K/V data key store.
In commit a8296445ad we changed the code to handle
some corner cases on ARM and other platforms, this
PR just avoids the return for unknown filetypes
prematurely and let the name be populated appropriately.
This fixes bug for older XFS implementations such as
in Ubuntu 14.04
This commit fixes a subtle bug that (probably)
caused an issue affecting encrypted multipart objects.
When a cluster has no quorum this bug causes `ListObjectParts`
to return nil as error instead of a quorum error.
Thanks to @harshavardhana for detecting this.
This PR changes cache on PUT behavior to background fill the cache
after PutObject completes. This will avoid concurrency issues as in #8219.
Added cleanup of partially filled cache to prevent cache corruption
- Fixes#8208
VerifyFile in the distributed setup does not work with
the non streaming highway hash. The reason is that the
internode mux router did not expect `storageRESTBitrotHash`
parameter.
endpoint.IsLocal will not have .Host entries so
using them to skip double entries will never work.
change the code such that we look for endpoint.Host
outside of endpoint.IsLocal logic to skip double
hosts appropriately.
Move these functions to their appropriate file.
- ListObjectsHeal should list only objects
which need healing, not the entire namespace.
- DeleteObjects() to be used to delete 1000s of
objects in bulk instead of serially.
Add LDAP based users-groups system
This change adds support to integrate an LDAP server for user
authentication. This works via a custom STS API for LDAP. Each user
accessing the MinIO who can be authenticated via LDAP receives
temporary credentials to access the MinIO server.
LDAP is enabled only over TLS.
User groups are also supported via LDAP. The administrator may
configure an LDAP search query to find the group attribute of a user -
this may correspond to any attribute in the LDAP tree (that the user
has access to view). One or more groups may be returned by such a
query.
A group is mapped to an IAM policy in the usual way, and the server
enforces a policy corresponding to all the groups and the user's own
mapped policy.
When LDAP is configured, the internal MinIO users system is disabled.
It looks like from implementation point of view fastjson
parser pool doesn't behave the same way as expected
when dealing many `xl.json` from multiple disks.
The fastjson parser pool usage ends up returning incorrect
xl.json entries for checksums, with references pointing
to older entries. This led to the subtle bug where checksum
info is duplicated from a previous xl.json read of a different
file from different disk.
With this PR, liveness check responds with 200 OK with "server-not-
initialized" header while objectLayer gets initialized. The header
is removed as objectLayer is initialized. This is to allow
MinIO distributed cluster to get started when running on an
orchestration platforms like Docker Swarm.
This PR also updates sample Swarm yaml files to use correct values
for healthcheck fields.
Fixes#8140
This commit adds an admin API route and handler for
requesting status information about a KMS key.
Therefore, the client specifies the KMS key ID (when
empty / not set the server takes the currently configured
default key-ID) and the server tries to perform a dummy encryption,
re-wrap and decryption operation. If all three succeed we know that
the server can access the KMS and has permissions to generate, re-wrap
and decrypt data keys (policy is set correctly).
This is a defensive change to avoid any future issues,
from this part of the code. New change also ensures
to populate UUID if present for the right disk.
This commit fixes the web ZIP download handler for
encrypted objects. The decryption logic has moved into
`getObjectNInfo`. So trying to decrypt the (already decrypted)
content again in the ZIP handler obviously causes an error.
This commit fixes this by removing the decryption logic from the
the handler.
Fixes#7965
The underlying errors are important, for IAM
requirements and should wait appropriately at
the caller level, this allows for distributed
setups to run properly and not fail prematurely
during startup.
Also additionally fix the onlineDisk counting
The change now is to ensure that we take custom URL as
well for updating the deployment, this is required for
hotfix deliveries for certain deployments - other than
the community release.
This commit changes the previous work d65a2c6725
with newer set of requirements.
Also deprecates PeerUptime()
net.Error is very unreliable in providing better error
handling, we need to ensure that we always have a fallback
option in case of network failures.
This fixes an important issue in our distributed server
setups when one of the servers is down, all deployments
out there are recommended to upgrade after this fix is
merged to ensure that availability is not lost.
Fixes#8127Fixes#8016Fixes#7964
This API implementation simply behaves like listObjects()
but returns back single version for each object, this
implementation should be considered dummy it is only
meant for some applications which rely on this.
This is to avoid using unsafe.Pointer type
code dependency for MinIO, this causes
crashes on ARM64 platforms
Refer #8005 collection of runtime crashes due
to unsafe.Pointer usage incorrectly. We have
seen issues like this before when using
jsoniter library in the past.
This PR hopes to fix this using fastjson
Add better dynamic timeouts for locks, also
add jitters before launching daily sweep to ensure
that not all the servers in distributed setup
are not trying to hold locks to begin the sweep
round.
Also, add enough delay for incoming requests based
on totalSetCount*totalDriveCount.
A possible fix for #8071
It is observed that when `mc admin trace` is being
used due to ResponseWriter wrapper, we loose information
about statusCode,statusText for audit logging.
This PR fixes this behavior
This avoids a network call, also fixes an issue
when empty paths are passed the underlying call
fails with "405 Method Not Allowed".
This is reproducible when you are deleting a
non-existent object.
Fixes#8083
Add API to set policy mapping for a user or group
Contains a breaking Admin APIs change.
- Also enforce all applicable policies
- Removes the previous /set-user-policy API
Bump up peerRESTVersion
Add get user info API to show groups of a user
* Cleanup ui-errors and print proper error messages
Change HELP to HINT instead, handle more error
cases when starting up MinIO. One such is related
to #8048
* Apply suggestions from code review
When a peer client which higher version sends a request to a peer
server with lower version, the returned status code is 200 OK instead
of 405 code. The reason is that the peer client request reaches the
browser handler, which registers itself by '/minio' route but without
any other constraints. Adding filtering by user agent header to the
browser route so internal requests to old endpoints versions return
405 error code.
This is a behavior change from AWS S3, but it is done with
better judgment on our end to allow the listing of buckets only
which user has access to.
The advantage is this declutters the UI for users and only
lists bucket which they have access to.
Precursor for this feature to be applicable is a policy
must have the following actions
```
s3:ListAllMyBuckets
```
and
```
s3:ListBucket
```
enabled in the policy.
Fixes#7458Fixes#7573Fixes#7938Fixes#6934Fixes#6265Fixes#6630
This will allow the cache to consistently work for
server and gateways. Range GET requests will
be cached in the background after the request
is served from the backend.
- All cached content is automatically bitrot protected.
- Avoid ETag verification if a cache-control header
is set and the cached content is still valid.
- This PR changes the cache backend format, and all existing
content will be migrated to the new format. Until the data is
migrated completely, all content will be served from the backend.
Refactor the Dirent parsing code such that when we
calculate offsets are correct based on the platform
This PR fixes a silent potential crash on ARM
architecture.
This commit fixes a DoS issue that is caused by an incorrect
SHA-256 content verification during STS requests.
Before that fix clients could write arbitrary many bytes
to the server memory. This commit fixes this by limiting the
request body size.
This change adds admin APIs and IAM subsystem APIs to:
- add or remove members to a group (group addition and deletion is
implicit on add and remove)
- enable/disable a group
- list and fetch group info
When checking if federation is necessary, the code compares
the SRV record stored in etcd against the list of endpoints
that the MinIO server is exposing. If there is an intersection
in this list the request is forwarded.
The SRV record includes both the host and the port, but the
intersection check previously only looked at the IP address. This
would prevent federation from working in situations where the endpoint
IP is the same for multiple MinIO servers. Some examples of where this
can occur are:
- running mulitiple copies of MinIO on the same host
- using multiple MinIO servers behind a NAT with port-forwarding
This commit adds a new method `UpdateKey` to the KMS
interface.
The purpose of `UpdateKey` is to re-wrap an encrypted
data key (the key generated & encrypted with a master key by e.g.
Vault).
For example, consider Vault with a master key ID: `master-key-1`
and an encrypted data key `E(dk)` for a particular object. The
data key `dk` has been generated randomly when the object was created.
Now, the KMS operator may "rotate" the master key `master-key-1`.
However, the KMS cannot forget the "old" value of that master key
since there is still an object that requires `dk`, and therefore,
the `D(E(dk))`.
With the `UpdateKey` method call MinIO can ask the KMS to decrypt
`E(dk)` with the old key (internally) and re-encrypted `dk` with
the new master key value: `E'(dk)`.
However, this operation only works for the same master key ID.
When rotating the data key (replacing it with a new one) then
we perform a `UnsealKey` operation with the 1st master key ID
and then a `GenerateKey` operation with the 2nd master key ID.
This commit also updates the KMS documentation and removes
the `encrypt` policy entry (we don't use `encrypt`) and
add a policy entry for `rewarp`.
After some extensive refactors, it turned out empty directories
are not healed and heal status is also not reported correctly.
This commit fixes it and adds the appropriate unit tests
This PR fixes relying on r.Context().Done()
by setting
```
Connection: "close"
```
HTTP Header, this has detrimental issues for
client side connection pooling. Since this
header explicitly tells clients to turn-off
connection pooling. This causing pro-active
connections to be closed leaving many conn's
in TIME_WAIT state. This can be observed with
`mc admin trace -a` when running distributed
setup.
This PR also fixes tracing filtering issue
when bucket names have `minio` as prefixes,
trace was erroneously ignoring them.
Golang proactively prints this error
`http: proxy error: context canceled`
when a request arrived to the current deployment and
redirected to another deployment in a federated setup.
Since this error can confuse users, this commit will
just hide it.
Allow renaming/editing a notification config. By replying with
a successful GetBucketNotification response, without checking
for any missing config ARN in targetList.
Fixes#7650
Related to #7982, this PR refactors the code
such that we validate the OPA or JWKS in a
common place.
This is also a refactor which is already done
in the new config migration change. Attempt
to avoid any network I/O during Unmarshal of
JSON from disk, instead do it later when
updating the in-memory data structure.
In situations such as when client uploading data,
prematurely disconnects from server such as pressing
ctrl-c before uploading all the data. Under this
situation in distributed setup we prematurely
disconnect disks causing a reconnect loop. This has
an adverse affect we end up leaving a lot of files
in temporary location which ideally should have been
cleaned up when Put() prematurely fails.
This is also a regression which got introduced in #7610
- Policy mapping is now at `config/iam/policydb/users/myuser1.json`
and includes version.
- User identity file is now versioned.
- Migrate old data to the new format.
Calling ListMultipartUploads fails if an upload is aborted while a
part is being uploaded because the directory for the upload exists
(since fsRenameFile ends up calling os.MkdirAll) but the meta JSON file
doesn't. To fix this we make sure an upload hasn't been aborted during
PutObjectPart by checking the existence of the directory for the upload
while moving the temporary part file into it.
This PR is based off @sinhaashish's PR for object lifecycle
management, which includes support only for,
- Expiration of object
- Filter using object prefix (_not_ object tags)
N B the code for actual expiration of objects will be included in a
subsequent PR.
Current code already allows users to GetPolicy/SetPolicy
there was a missing code in ListAllBucketPolicies to allow
access, this fixes this behavior.
Fixes#7913
The fix in #7646 introduced a regression which
was left unnoticed, the fix didn't work for
sub-commands unfortunately. This fixes it
by moving v1.21.0 version of the minio/cli
package.
Fixes#7924
posix.VerifyFile() doesn't know how to check if a file
is corrupted if that file is empty. We do have the part
size in xl.json so we pass it to VerifyFile to return
an error so healing empty parts can work properly.
When MinIO is behind a proxy, proxies end up killing
clients when no data is seen on the connection, adding
the right content-type ensures that proxies do not come
in the way.
Update prompt shows some weird characters under Windows, the reason
is that go-prompt is used to show a yes/no prompt, since go-prompt
does not seem to have a way to support color/fatih, this PR will
implements its own yes/no prompt with the correct text coloration.
This allows for canonicalization of the strings
throughout our code and provides a common space
for all these constants to reside.
This list is rather non-exhaustive but captures
all the headers used in AWS S3 API operations
r.URL.Path is empty when HEAD bucket with virtual
DNS requests come in since bucket is now part of
r.Host, we should use our domain names and fetch
the right bucket/object names.
This fixes an really old issue in our federation
setups.
This API returns the information related to the self healing routine.
For the moment, it returns:
- The total number of objects that are scanned
- The last time when an item was scanned
- return all objects in web-handlers listObjects response
- added local pagination to object list ui
- also fixed infinite loader and removed unused fields
While checking for port availability, ip address should be included.
When a machine has multiple ip addresses, multiple minio instances
or some other applications can be run on same port but different
ip address.
Fixes#7685
This PR adds support for adding session policies
for further restrictions on STS credentials, useful
in situations when applications want to generate
creds for multiple interested parties with different
set of policy restrictions.
This session policy is not mandatory, but optional.
Fixes#7732
This commit relaxes the restriction that the MinIO gateway
does not accept SSE-KMS headers. Now, the S3 gateway allows
SSE-KMS headers for PUT and MULTIPART PUT requests and forwards them
to the S3 gateway backend (AWS). This is considered SSE pass-through
mode.
Fixes#7753
Previously the read/write lock applied both for gateway use cases as
well the object store use case. Nothing from sys is touched or looked
at in the gateway usecase though, so we don't need to lock. Don't lock
to make the gateway policy getting a little more efficient, particularly
as where this is called from (checkRequestAuthType) is quite common.
etcd when used in federated setups, currently
mandates that all clusters should have same
config.json, which is too restrictive and makes
federation a restrictive environment.
This change makes it apparent that each cluster
needs to be independently managed if necessary
from `mc admin info` command line.
Each cluster with in federation can have their
own root credentials and as well as separate
regions. This way buckets get further restrictions
and allows for root creds to be not common
across clusters/data centers.
Existing data in etcd gets migrated to backend
on each clusters, upon start. Once done
users can change their config entries
independently.
- Background Heal routine receives heal requests from a channel, either to
heal format, buckets or objects
- Daily sweeper lists all objects in all buckets, these objects
don't necessarly have read quorum so they can be removed if
these objects are unhealable
- Heal daily ops receives objects from the daily sweeper
and send them to the heal routine.
Inconsistencies can arise after applying bucket policies in
gateway mode, since all gateway instances do not share a
common shared state. This is by design to keep gateway as
shared nothing architecture.
This PR fixes such inconsistencies by reloading policy
if any from the backend.
Fixes#7723
Consider errors returned by httpClient.Do() as network errors. This is because
the http clients returns different types of errors and it is hard to catch
all the error types.
With these changes we are now able to peak performances
for all Write() operations across disks HDD and NVMe.
Also adds readahead for disk reads, which also increases
performance for reads by 3x.
IsTruncated should not be set to true if there is no further
possible entries beyond maxKeys.
This commit will also move wide testing on object API from xl
to xl sets.
The problem in current code was we were removing
an entry from a lock lockerMap without considering
the fact that different entry for same resource is
a possibility due the nature of locks that can be
acquired in parallel before we decide if the lock
is considered stale
A sequence of events is as follows
- Lock("resource")
- lockMaintenance(finds a long lived lock in this "resource")
- Owner node rebooted which now retruns Expired() as true for
this "resource"
- Unlock("resource") which succeeded in quorum
- Now by this time application retried and acquired a new
Lock() on the same "resource"
- Now that we have Expired() true from the previous call,
we proceed to purge the entry from the local lockMap()
local lockMap reports a different entry for the expired
UID which results in a spurious log entry.
This PR removes this logging as this situation is an
expected scenario.
This will allow cache to consistently work for
server and gateways. Range GET requests will
be cached in the background after the request
is served from the backend.
Fixes: #7458, #7573, #6265, #6630
This is necessary to avoid connection build up between servers
unexpectedly for example in a situation where 16 servers are
talking to each other and one server now allows a maximum of
15*4096 = 61440 idle connections
Will be kept in pool. Such a large pool is perhaps inefficient for
many reasons and also affects overall system resources.
This PR also reduces idleConnection timeout from 120 secs to 60 secs.
errs was passed to many goroutines but they are all allowed
to update errs if any error happens during deletion, which
can cause a data race.
This commit will avoid issuing bulk delete operations in parallel
to avoid the warning race.
We broke into parts previously as we had checksum for the entire file
to tax less on memory and to have better TTFB. We dont need to now,
after the streaming-bitrot change.
Bulk delete at storage level in Multiple Delete Objects API
In order to accelerate bulk delete in Multiple Delete objects API,
a new bulk delete is introduced in storage layer, which will accept
a list of objects to delete rather than only one. Consequently,
a new API is also need to be added to Object API.
PR #7595 fixed part of the regression, but did not handle the
scenario, where in docker, the internal port is different from
the port on the host.
This PR modifies the regular expression such that all the
scenarios are handled.
Fixes#7619
After recent listing refactor, recursive list doesn't return empty
directories, this commit will fix the behavior and add unit tests
so it won't happen again.
When size is unknown and auto encryption is enabled,
and compression is set to true, putobject API is failing.
Moving adding the SSE-S3 header as part of the request to before
checking if compression can be done, otherwise the size is set to -1
and that seems to cause problems.
Currently we used to reload users every five minutes,
regardless of etcd is configured or not. But with etcd
configured we can do this more asynchronously to trigger
a refresh by using the watch API
Fixes#7515
One user has seen this following error log:
API: CompleteMultipartUpload(bucket=vertica, object=perf-dss-v03/cc2/02596813aecd4e476d810148586c2a3300d00000013557ef_0.gt)
Time: 15:44:07 UTC 04/11/2019
RequestID: 159475EFF4DEDFFB
RemoteHost: 172.26.87.184
UserAgent: vertica-v9.1.1-5
Error: open /data/.minio.sys/tmp/100bb3ec-6c0d-4a37-8b36-65241050eb02/xl.json: file exists
1: cmd/xl-v1-metadata.go:448:cmd.writeXLMetadata()
2: cmd/xl-v1-metadata.go:501:cmd.writeUniqueXLMetadata.func1()
This can happen when CompleteMultipartUpload fails with write quorum,
the S3 client will retry (since write quorum is 500 http response),
however the second call of CompleteMultipartUpload will fail because
this latter doesn't truly use a random uuid under .minio.sys/tmp/
directory but pick the upload id.
This commit fixes the behavior to choose a random uuid for generating
xl.json
Since AssumeRole API was introduced we have a wrong route
match which results in certain clients failing to upload objects
using multipart because, multipart POST conflicts with STS POST
AssumeRole API.
Write a proper matcher function which verifies the route more
appropriately such that both can co-exist.
Other listing optimizations include
- remove double sorting while filtering object entries
- improve error message when upload-id is not in quorum
- use jsoniter for full unmarshal json, instead of gjson
- remove unused code
Allow server to start if one of the local nodes in docker/kubernetes setup is successfully resolved
- The rule is that we need atleast one local node to work. We dont need to resolve the
rest at that point.
- In a non-orchestrational setup, we fail if we do not have atleast one local node up
and running.
- In an orchestrational setup (docker-swarm and kubernetes), We retry with a sleep of 5
seconds until any one local node shows up.
Fixes#6995
In distributed mode, use REST API to acquire and manage locks instead
of RPC.
RPC has been completely removed from MinIO source.
Since we are moving from RPC to REST, we cannot use rolling upgrades as the
nodes that have not yet been upgraded cannot talk to the ones that have
been upgraded.
We expect all minio processes on all nodes to be stopped and then the
upgrade process to be completed.
Also force http1.1 for inter-node communication
common prefixes in bucket name if already created
are disallowed when etcd is configured due to the
prefix matching issue. Make sure that when we look
for bucket we are only interested in exact bucket
name not the prefix.
- [x] Support bucket and regular object operations
- [x] Supports Select API on HDFS
- [x] Implement multipart API support
- [x] Completion of ListObjects support
There is no written specification about how to encode key names
when url encoding type is passed.
However, this change will encode URLs as url.QueryEscape() does
while considering AWS S3 exceptions.
This commit adds a unit test for the vault
config verification (which covers also `IsEmpty()`).
Vault-related code is hard to test with unit tests
since a Vault service would be necessary. Therefore
this commit only adds tests for a fraction of the code.
Fixes#7409
Most hadoop distributions hortonworks, cloudera all
depend on aws-sdk-java 1.7.x to 1.10.x - the releases
which have bugs related case sensitive check for
ETag header. Go changes the case of the headers set
to be canonical but only preserves them when set
through a direct map.
This fixes most compatibility issues we have had
in the past supporting older hadoop distributions.
This commit fixes a privilege escalation issue against
the S3 and web handlers. An authenticated IAM user
can:
- Read from or write to the internal '.minio.sys'
bucket by simply sending a properly signed
S3 GET or PUT request. Further, the user can
- Read from or write to the internal '.minio.sys'
bucket using the 'Upload'/'Download'/'DownloadZIP'
API by sending a "browser" request authenticated
with its JWT token.
This commit fixes another privilege escalation issue
abusing the inter-node communication of distributed
servers to obtain/modify the server configuration.
The inter-node communication is authenticated using
JWT-Tokens. Further, IAM users accessing the cluster
via the web UI also get a JWT token and the browser
will add this "user" JWT token to each the request.
Now, a user can extract that JWT token an can craft
HTTP POST requests for the inter-node communication
API endpoint. Since the server accepts ANY valid
JWT token it also accepts inter-node commands from
an authenticated user such that the user can execute
arbitrary commands bypassing the IAM policy engine
and impersonate other users, change its own IAM policy
or extract the admin access/secret key.
This is fixed by only accepting "admin" JWT tokens
(tokens containing the admin access key - and therefore
were generated with the admin secret key). Consequently,
only the admin user can execute such inter-node commands.
Simplify the cmd/http package overall by removing
custom plain text v/s tls connection detection, by
migrating to go1.12 and choose minimum version
to be go1.12
Also remove all the vendored deps, since they
are not useful anymore.
A race is detected between a bytes.Buffer generated with cmd/rpc.Pool
and http2 module. An issue is raised in golang (https://github.com/golang/go/issues/31192).
Meanwhile, this commit disables Pool in RPC code and it generates a
new 1kb of bytes.Buffer for each RPC call.
Before this commit, nodes wait indefinitely without showing any
indicate error message when a node is started with different access
and secret keys.
This PR will show '401 Unauthorized' in this case.
Currently message is set to error type value.
Message field is not used in error logs. it is used only in the case of info logs.
This PR sets error message field to store error type correctly.
Copying an encrypted SSEC object when this latter is uploaded using
multipart mechanism was failing because ETag in case of encrypted
multipart upload is not encrypted.
This PR fixes the behavior.
This fixes varying pids for server-respawns. And avoids duplicate process
creating multiple pids when the server restart signal is triggered with
service restart enabled.
Fixes#7350
It is required to set the environment variable in the case of distributed
minio. LoadCredentials is used to notify peers of the change and will not work if
environment variable is set. so, this function will never be called.
In scenario 1
```
- bucket/object-prefix
- bucket/object-prefix/object
```
Server responds with `XMinioParentIsObject`
In scenario 2
```
- bucket/object-prefix/object
- bucket/object-prefix
```
Server responds with `XMinioObjectExistsAsDirectory`
Fixes#6566
Healing scan used to read all objects parts to check for bitrot
checksum. This commit will add a quicker way of healing scan
by only checking if parts are actually present in disks or not.
We should internally handle when http2 input stream has smaller
content than its content-length header
Upstream issue reported https://github.com/golang/go/issues/30648
This a change which we need to handle internally until Go fixes it
correctly, till now our code doesn't expect a custom error to be returned.
CopyObject precondition checks into GetObjectReader
in order to perform SSE-C pre-condition checks using the
last 32 bytes of encrypted ETag rather than the decrypted
ETag
This also necessitates moving precondition checks for
gateways to gateway layer rather than object handler check
if a bucket with `Captialized letters` is created, `InvalidBucketName` error
will be returned.
In the case of pre-existing buckets, it will be listed.
Fixes#6938
Prevents deferred close functions from being called while still
attempting to copy reader to snappyWriter.
Reduces code duplication when compressing objects.
This change allows indefinitely running go-routines to cleanup
gracefully.
This channel is now closed at the beginning of each test so that
long-running go-routines quit and a new one is assigned.
The side affect of this change memory
increase, but this is a trade-off between
performance and actual memory usage.
For all practical scenarios this should be
an adequate change.
- The events will be persisted in queueStore if `queueDir` is set.
- Else, if queueDir is not set events persist in memory.
The events are replayed back when the mqtt broker is back online.
Clients like AWS SDK Java and AWS cli XML parsers are
unable to handle on `\r\n` characters to avoid these
errors send XML header first and write white space characters
instead.
Also handle cases to avoid double WriteHeader calls
- Current implementation was spawning renewer goroutines
without waiting for the lease duration to end. Remove vault renewer
and call vault.RenewToken directly and manage reauthentication if
lease expired.
We should change the logic for both isObject()
and isObjectDir() leaf detection to be done
with quorum, due to how our directory navigation
works - this allows for properly deleting all
the dangling directories or objects if any.
This commit fixes a nil pointer dereference issue
that can occur when the Vault KMS returns e.g. a 404
with an empty HTTP response. The Vault client SDK
does not treat that as error and returns nil for
the error and the secret.
Further it simplifies the token renewal and
re-authentication mechanism by using a single
background go-routine.
The control-flow of Vault authentications looks
like this:
1. `authenticate()`: Initial login and start of background job
2. Background job starts a `vault.Renewer` to renew the token
3. a) If this succeeds the token gets updated
b) If this fails the background job tries to login again
4. If the login in 3b. succeeded goto 2. If it fails
goto 3b.
Currently, we were sending errors in Select binary format,
which is incompatible with AWS S3 behavior, errors in binary
are sent after HTTP status code is already 200 OK - i.e it
happens during the evaluation of the record reader.
This commit increases storage REST requests to 5 minutes, this includes
the opening TCP connection, and sending/receiving data. This will reduce
clients receiving errors when the server is under high load.
Different gateway implementations due to different backend
API errors, might return different unsupported errors at
our handler layer. Current code posed a problem for us because
this information was lost and we would convert it to InternalError
in this situation all S3 clients end up retrying the request.
To avoid this unexpected situation implement a way to support
this cleanly such that the underlying information is not lost
which is returned by gateway.
Bucket metadata healing in the current code was executed multiple
times each time for a given set. Bucket metadata just like
objects are hashed in accordance with its name on any given set,
to allow hashing to play a role we should let the top level
code decide where to navigate.
Current code also had 3 bucket metadata files hardcoded, whereas
we should make it generic by listing and navigating the .minio.sys
to heal such objects.
We also had another bug where due to isObjectDangling changes
without pre-existing bucket metadata files, we were erroneously
reporting it as grey/corrupted objects.
This PR fixes all of the above items.
This PR also adds some comments and simplifies
the code. Primary handling is done to ensure
that we make sure to honor cached buffer.
Added unit tests as well
Fixes#7141
foo.CORRUPTED should never be created because when
multiple sets are involved we would hash the file
to wrong a location, this PR removes the code.
But allows DeleteBucket() to work properly to delete
dangling buckets/objects. Also adds another option
to Healing where a user needs to specify `--remove`
such that all dangling objects will be deleted with
user confirmation.
ListObjectParts is using xl.readXLMetaParts which picks the first
xl meta found in any disk, which is an inconsistent information.
E.g.: In a middle of a multipart upload, one node can go offline
and get back later with an outdated multipart information.
This commit fixes the computation of Before/After healing state
for empty directories.
Issues before the commit:
- Before state doesn't reflect the real status (no StatVol() called)
- For any MakeVol() error, healObjectDir is exited directly, which is
wrong.
Currently during a heal of a bucket, if one disk is offline an empty endpoint entry is added.
Then another entry with the missing endpoint is also added.
This results in more entries than disks being added.
Code that adds empty endpoint has been removed.
Collect historic cpu and mem stats. Also, use actual values
instead of formatted strings while returning to the client. The string
formatting prevents values from being processed by the server or
by the client without parsing it.
This change will allow the values to be processed (eg.
compute rolling-average over the lifetime of the minio server)
and offloads the formatting to the client.
We made a change previously in #7111 which moved support
for AWS envs only for AWS S3 endpoint. Some users requested
that this be added back to Non-AWS endpoints as well as
they require separate credentials for backend authentication
from security point of view.
More than one client can't use the same clientID for MQTT connection.
This causes problem in distributed deployments where config is shared
across nodes, as each Minio instance tries to connect to MQTT using the
same clientID.
This commit removes the clientID field in config, and allows
MQTT client to create random clientID for each node.
- New parser written from scratch, allows easier and complete parsing
of the full S3 Select SQL syntax. Parser definition is directly
provided by the AST defined for the SQL grammar.
- Bring support to parse and interpret SQL involving JSON path
expressions; evaluation of JSON path expressions will be
subsequently added.
- Bring automatic type inference and conversion for untyped
values (e.g. CSV data).
This situation happens only in gateway nas which supports
etcd based `config.json` to support all FS mode features.
The issue was we would try to migrate something which doesn't
exist when etcd is configured which leads to inconsistent
server configs in memory.
This PR fixes this situation by properly loading config after
initialization, avoiding backend disk config migration to be
done only if etcd is not configured.
If it does happen that we have a lot files in '.minio.sys/tmp',
minio startup might block deleting this folder. Rename and
delete in background instead to allow Minio to start serving
requests.
To avoid a large number of concurrent connections between minio
servers and to reduce CPU pressure, it is better to limit the number
of objects healed in parallel to number_of_CPUs.
Requirements like being able to run minio gateway in ec2
pointing to a Minio deployment wouldn't work properly
because IAM creds take precendence on ec2.
Add checks such that we only enable AWS specific features
if our backend URL points to actual AWS S3 not S3 compatible
endpoints.
Returning unexpected errors can cause problems for config handling,
which is what led gateway deployments with etcd to misbehave and
had stopped working properly
Deployment ID is not copied into new formats after healing format. Although,
this is not critical since a new deployment ID will be generated and set in the
next cluster restart, it is still much better if we don't change the deployment
id of a cluster for a better tracking.
Fix regexp matcher for special assets for the browser to clash with
less of the object namespace.
Assets should now be loaded with the /minio/ prefix. Previously,
favicon.ico (and others) could be loaded at any path matching
/minio/*/favicon.ico. This clashes with a large part of the object
namespace. With this change, /minio/favicon.ico will serve the favicon
but not /minio/mybucket/favicon.ico
Fixes#7077
This changes causes `getRootCAs` to always load system-wide CAs.
Any additional custom CAs (at `certs/CA/`) are added to the certificate pool
of system CAs.
The previous behavior was incorrect since all no system-wide CAs were
loaded if either there were CAs under `certs/CA` or the `certs/CA`
directory didn't exist at all.
Also add a cross compile script to test always cross
compilation for some well known platforms and architectures
, we support out of box compilation of these platforms even
if we don't make an official release build.
This script is to avoid regressions in this area when we
add platform dependent code.
This PR supports iam and bucket policies to have
policy variable replacements in resource and
condition key values.
For example
- ${aws:username}
- ${aws:userid}
Health checking programs very frequently use /minio/health/live
to check health, hence we can avoid doing StorageInfo() and
ListBuckets() for FS/Erasure backend.
* Use 0-byte file for bitrot verification of whole-file-bitrot files
Also pass the right checksum information for bitrot verification
* Copy xlMeta info from latest meta except []checksums and []Parts while healing
Simplify parallelReader.Read() which also fixes previous
implementation where it was returning before all the parallel
reading go-routines had terminated which caused race conditions.
When auto-encryption is turned on, we pro-actively add SSEHeader
for all PUT, POST operations. This is unusual for V2 signature
calculation because V2 signature doesn't have a pre-defined set
of signed headers in the request like V4 signature. According to
V2 we should canonicalize all incoming supported HTTP headers.
Make sure to validate signatures before we mutate http headers
Praveen raj Mani
Anis Elleuch
Harshavardhana
Sidhartha Mani
Klaus Post
Bala FA
kannappanr
Taras Parkhomenko
Andreas Auernhammer
Aditya Manthramurthy
Pontus Leitzler
César Nieto
Krishna Srinivas
ebozduman
poornas
Ingmar Runge
Nitish Tiwari
Stephen N
Kody A Kantor
astorath
Krishnan Parthasarathi
Ashish Kumar Sinha
Forest Lovewood
George Xie
Amol Umbarkar
Aleksandr Petruhin
Clemens Wolff
Sergey Morgunov
svistoi
Ville Skyttä
Kanagaraj M
cc
Kaan Kabalak
Yao Zongyou
Alex Pardoe
maihde
Jakob Ackermann
Daryl Finlay
Christian Muehlhaeuser
mzukowski-reef
mizuno-keyence
iliul
Daniel Valdivia
Cody Maloney
Dee Koder
Andrei Mikhalenia
Roman Kalashnikov
Chris Hoffman
Ashish Kumar Sinha
zy
Kirill Motkov
Kale Blankenship
John Liu
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