diff --git a/cmd/erasure-metadata.go b/cmd/erasure-metadata.go
index 41f276e24..4b025ae4b 100644
--- a/cmd/erasure-metadata.go
+++ b/cmd/erasure-metadata.go
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/minio/minio/internal/amztime"
+	"github.com/minio/minio/internal/bucket/lifecycle"
 	"github.com/minio/minio/internal/bucket/replication"
 	"github.com/minio/minio/internal/crypto"
 	"github.com/minio/minio/internal/hash/sha256"
@@ -456,6 +457,7 @@ func commonParity(parities []int, defaultParityCount int) int {
 }
 
 func listObjectParities(partsMetadata []FileInfo, errs []error) (parities []int) {
+	totalShards := len(partsMetadata)
 	parities = make([]int, len(partsMetadata))
 	for index, metadata := range partsMetadata {
 		if errs[index] != nil {
@@ -466,9 +468,13 @@ func listObjectParities(partsMetadata []FileInfo, errs []error) (parities []int)
 			parities[index] = -1
 			continue
 		}
+		//nolint:gocritic
 		// Delete marker or zero byte objects take highest parity.
 		if metadata.Deleted || metadata.Size == 0 {
-			parities[index] = len(partsMetadata) / 2
+			parities[index] = totalShards / 2
+		} else if metadata.TransitionStatus == lifecycle.TransitionComplete {
+			// For tiered objects, read quorum is N/2+1 to ensure simple majority on xl.meta. It is not equal to EcM because the data integrity is entrusted with the warm tier.
+			parities[index] = totalShards - (totalShards/2 + 1)
 		} else {
 			parities[index] = metadata.Erasure.ParityBlocks
 		}
diff --git a/cmd/erasure-metadata_test.go b/cmd/erasure-metadata_test.go
index ebb0a99d5..1fc2f5d04 100644
--- a/cmd/erasure-metadata_test.go
+++ b/cmd/erasure-metadata_test.go
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ package cmd
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"slices"
 	"strconv"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
@@ -359,3 +361,124 @@ func TestSkipTierFreeVersion(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal("Expected SkipTierFreeVersion to be set on FileInfo but wasn't")
 	}
 }
+
+func TestListObjectParities(t *testing.T) {
+	mkMetaArr := func(N, parity, agree int) []FileInfo {
+		fi := newFileInfo("obj-1", N-parity, parity)
+		fi.TransitionTier = "WARM-TIER"
+		fi.TransitionedObjName = mustGetUUID()
+		fi.TransitionStatus = "complete"
+		fi.Size = 1 << 20
+
+		metaArr := make([]FileInfo, N)
+		for i := range N {
+			fi.Erasure.Index = i + 1
+			metaArr[i] = fi
+			if i < agree {
+				continue
+			}
+			metaArr[i].TransitionTier, metaArr[i].TransitionedObjName = "", ""
+			metaArr[i].TransitionStatus = ""
+		}
+		return metaArr
+	}
+	mkParities := func(N, agreedParity, disagreedParity, agree int) []int {
+		ps := make([]int, N)
+		for i := range N {
+			if i < agree {
+				ps[i] = agreedParity
+				continue
+			}
+			ps[i] = disagreedParity // disagree
+		}
+		return ps
+	}
+
+	mkTest := func(N, parity, agree int) (res struct {
+		metaArr  []FileInfo
+		errs     []error
+		parities []int
+		parity   int
+	},
+	) {
+		res.metaArr = mkMetaArr(N, parity, agree)
+		res.parities = mkParities(N, N-(N/2+1), parity, agree)
+		res.errs = make([]error, N)
+		if agree >= N/2+1 { // simple majority consensus
+			res.parity = N - (N/2 + 1)
+		} else {
+			res.parity = -1
+		}
+		return res
+	}
+
+	nonTieredTest := func(N, parity, agree int) (res struct {
+		metaArr  []FileInfo
+		errs     []error
+		parities []int
+		parity   int
+	},
+	) {
+		fi := newFileInfo("obj-1", N-parity, parity)
+		fi.Size = 1 << 20
+		metaArr := make([]FileInfo, N)
+		parities := make([]int, N)
+		for i := range N {
+			fi.Erasure.Index = i + 1
+			metaArr[i] = fi
+			parities[i] = parity
+			if i < agree {
+				continue
+			}
+			metaArr[i].Erasure.Index = 0 // creates invalid fi on remaining drives
+			parities[i] = -1             // invalid fi are assigned parity -1
+		}
+		res.metaArr = metaArr
+		res.parities = parities
+		res.errs = make([]error, N)
+		if agree >= N-parity {
+			res.parity = parity
+		} else {
+			res.parity = -1
+		}
+
+		return res
+	}
+	tests := []struct {
+		metaArr  []FileInfo
+		errs     []error
+		parities []int
+		parity   int
+	}{
+		// More than simple majority consensus
+		mkTest(15, 3, 11),
+		// No simple majority consensus
+		mkTest(15, 3, 7),
+		// Exact simple majority consensus
+		mkTest(15, 3, 8),
+		// More than simple majority consensus
+		mkTest(16, 4, 11),
+		// No simple majority consensus
+		mkTest(16, 4, 8),
+		// Exact simple majority consensus
+		mkTest(16, 4, 9),
+		// non-tiered object require read quorum of EcM
+		nonTieredTest(15, 3, 12),
+		// non-tiered object with fewer than EcM in consensus
+		nonTieredTest(15, 3, 11),
+		// non-tiered object require read quorum of EcM
+		nonTieredTest(16, 4, 12),
+		// non-tiered object with fewer than EcM in consensus
+		nonTieredTest(16, 4, 11),
+	}
+	for i, test := range tests {
+		t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("Test %d", i+1), func(t *testing.T) {
+			if got := listObjectParities(test.metaArr, test.errs); !slices.Equal(got, test.parities) {
+				t.Fatalf("Expected parities %v but got %v", test.parities, got)
+			}
+			if got := commonParity(test.parities, len(test.metaArr)/2); got != test.parity {
+				t.Fatalf("Expected common parity %v but got %v", test.parity, got)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}