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540 lines
19 KiB
Markdown
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# 使用Kubernetes做Minio的云原生部署 [](https://slack.minio.io) [](https://goreportcard.com/report/minio/minio) [](https://hub.docker.com/r/minio/minio/) [](https://codecov.io/gh/minio/minio)
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## 目录
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- [前提条件](#前提条件)
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- [Minio独立模式部署](#Minio-Standalone模式部署)
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- [Minio独立模式快速入门](#Minio独立模式快速入门)
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- [创建持久卷声明](#Minio独立模式快速入门)
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- [创建Minio的部署](#创建Minio的部署)
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- [创建Miniio服务](#创建Miniio服务)
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- [更新已有的Minio部署](#更新已有的Minio部署)
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- [独立模式资源清理](#独立模式资源清理)
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- [Minio分布式服务部署](#Minio分布式服务部署)
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- [分布式快速入门](#分布式快速入门)
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- [创建Minio Headless服务](#创建Minio-Headless服务)
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- [创建Minio Statefulset](#创建Minio-Statefulset)
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- [创建负载均衡服务](#创建负载均衡服务)
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- [更新已存在的Minio StatefulSet](#更新已存在的Minio-StatefulSet)
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- [分布式模式资源清理](#分布式模式资源清理)
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- [Minio GCS 网关部署](#Minio-GCS网关部署)
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- [GCS 网关快速入门](#GCS-网关快速入门)
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- [创建GCS凭据](#创建GCS凭据)
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- [创建Minio GCS Gateway部署](#创建Minio-GCS-Gateway部署)
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- [创建Minio LoadBalancer服务](#创建Minio-LoadBalancer服务)
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- [更新现有的Minio GCS部署](#更新现有的Minio-GCS部署)
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- [GCS网关资源清理](#GCS网关资源清理)
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## 前提条件
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运行该示例，你需要安装并运行Kubernetes版本>=1.4的集群，而且已经安装 [`kubectl`](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/kubectl/install/) 命令行工具。请访问
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[getting started guides](https://kubernetes.io/docs/getting-started-guides/)获取响应平台的安装指导。
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## Minio Standalone模式部署
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以下部分描述了如何在Kubernetes上部署一个独立的 [Minio](https://minio.io/) 服务。部署使用的是Docker Hub上的 [官方Minio Docker image](https://hub.docker.com/r/minio/minio/~/dockerfile/) 。
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此部分使用了以下Kubernetes的核心组件:
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- [_Pods_](https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/pods/)
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- [_Services_](https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/services/)
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- [_Deployments_](https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/deployments/)
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- [_Persistent Volume Claims_](https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/persistent-volumes/#persistentvolumeclaims)
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### Minio独立模式快速入门
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运行下面的命令快速启动
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```sh
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kubectl create -f https://github.com/minio/minio/blob/master/docs/orchestration/kubernetes-yaml/minio-standalone-pvc.yaml?raw=true
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kubectl create -f https://github.com/minio/minio/blob/master/docs/orchestration/kubernetes-yaml/minio-standalone-deployment.yaml?raw=true
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kubectl create -f https://github.com/minio/minio/blob/master/docs/orchestration/kubernetes-yaml/minio-standalone-service.yaml?raw=true
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```
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### 创建持久卷声明
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Minio需要持久卷来存储对象。如果没有持久卷，Minio实例中的数据将会存到容器的文件系统中，而且在容器重启时会被清除的干干净净。
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创建一个持久卷声明（PVC），为Minio实例请求存储。Kubernetes寻找与群集中的PVC请求匹配的PV，并自动将其绑定到PVC。
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这是一个PVC的描述
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```sh
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
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metadata:
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# 此名称唯一标识PVC。 将在以下部署中使用。
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name: minio-pv-claim
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annotations:
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volume.alpha.kubernetes.io/storage-class: anything
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labels:
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app: minio-storage-claim
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spec:
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# 关于 access modes的更多细节，访问这里: http://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/persistent-volumes/#access-modes
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accessModes:
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- ReadWriteOnce
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resources:
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# This is the request for storage. Should be available in the cluster.
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requests:
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storage: 10Gi
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```
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创建一个持久卷声明
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```sh
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kubectl create -f https://github.com/minio/minio/blob/master/docs/orchestration/kubernetes-yaml/minio-standalone-pvc.yaml?raw=true
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persistentvolumeclaim "minio-pv-claim" created
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```
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### 创建Minio的部署
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部署封装了副本集和pod - 因此，如果pod掉线，复制控制器会确保另一个pod自动出现。 这样，您就不必担心pod失败，并且可以提供稳定的Minio服务。
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这是一个部署的描述
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```sh
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apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
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kind: Deployment
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metadata:
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# This name uniquely identifies the Deployment
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name: minio-deployment
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spec:
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strategy:
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type: Recreate
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template:
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metadata:
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labels:
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# Label is used as selector in the service.
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app: minio
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spec:
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# Refer to the PVC created earlier
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volumes:
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- name: data
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persistentVolumeClaim:
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# Name of the PVC created earlier
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claimName: minio-pv-claim
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containers:
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- name: minio
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# Pulls the default Minio image from Docker Hub
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image: minio/minio:RELEASE.2017-05-05T01-14-51Z
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args:
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- server
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- /data
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env:
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# Minio access key and secret key
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- name: MINIO_ACCESS_KEY
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value: "minio"
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- name: MINIO_SECRET_KEY
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value: "minio123"
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ports:
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- containerPort: 9000
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# Mount the volume into the pod
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volumeMounts:
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- name: data # must match the volume name, above
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mountPath: "/data"
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```
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创建一个部署
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```sh
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kubectl create -f https://github.com/minio/minio/blob/master/docs/orchestration/kubernetes-yaml/minio-standalone-deployment.yaml?raw=true
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deployment "minio-deployment" created
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```
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### 创建Miniio服务
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现在您正在运行Minio部署，您可能希望在内部（集群内）访问它，或者将其作为服务暴露在外部（集群外部，也可能是公共Internet）IP地址，具体取决于用例。 您可以使用服务来实现此目的。 有三种主要的服务类型 - 默认类型是ClusterIP，它将集群内部的连接暴露给服务。 NodePort和LoadBalancer是向外部流量提供服务的两种类型。
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在此示例中，我们通过创建LoadBalancer服务来公开Minio部署。
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这是服务描述。
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```sh
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: Service
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metadata:
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name: minio-service
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spec:
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type: LoadBalancer
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ports:
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- port: 9000
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targetPort: 9000
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protocol: TCP
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selector:
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app: minio
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```
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创建Minio服务
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```sh
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kubectl create -f https://github.com/minio/minio/blob/master/docs/orchestration/kubernetes-yaml/minio-standalone-service.yaml?raw=true
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service "minio-service" created
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```
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`LoadBalancer` 服务需要几分钟才能启动。 要检查服务是否已成功创建，请运行命令
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```sh
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kubectl get svc minio-service
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NAME CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
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minio-service 10.55.248.23 104.199.249.165 9000:31852/TCP 1m
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```
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### 更新已有的Minio部署
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您可以更新现有的Minio部署以使用较新的Minio版本。 为此，请使用`kubectl set image`命令：
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```sh
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kubectl set image deployment/minio-deployment minio=<replace-with-new-minio-image>
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```
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Kubernetes将重新启动部署以更新镜像。 成功更新后，您将收到以下消息：
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```
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deployment "minio-deployment" image updated
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```
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### 独立模式资源清理
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你可以清理集群占用的资源，请运行：
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```sh
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kubectl delete deployment minio-deployment \
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&& kubectl delete pvc minio-pv-claim \
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&& kubectl delete svc minio-service
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```
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## Minio分布式服务部署
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以下文档介绍了在Kubernetes上部署[分布式Minio](https://docs.minio.io/docs/zh_CN/distributed-minio-quickstart-guide)服务器的过程。 本示例使用Docker Hub的[官方Minio Docker镜像](https://hub.docker.com/r/minio/minio/~/dockerfile/)。
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此示例使用以下Kubernetes的核心组件：
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- [_Pods_](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod/)
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- [_Services_](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/)
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- [_Statefulsets_](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tutorials/stateful-application/basic-stateful-set/)
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### 分布式快速入门
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运行下面的命令快速启动
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```sh
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kubectl create -f https://github.com/minio/minio/blob/master/docs/orchestration/kubernetes-yaml/minio-distributed-headless-service.yaml?raw=true
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kubectl create -f https://github.com/minio/minio/blob/master/docs/orchestration/kubernetes-yaml/minio-distributed-statefulset.yaml?raw=true
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kubectl create -f https://github.com/minio/minio/blob/master/docs/orchestration/kubernetes-yaml/minio-distributed-service.yaml?raw=true
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```
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###创建Minio Headless服务
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Headless服务控制在其中创建StatefulSets的域。此服务管理的域采用以下格式：`$(service name).$(namespace).svc.cluster.local`（其中“cluster.local”是集群域），此域中的pod采用形式: `$(pod-name-{i}).$(service name).$(namespace).svc.cluster.local`。这里需要DNS来解析在Statefulset中创建的每个pods的URL。
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这是Headless service的描述。
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```sh
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: Service
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metadata:
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name: minio
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labels:
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app: minio
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spec:
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clusterIP: None
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ports:
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- port: 9000
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name: minio
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selector:
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app: minio
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```
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创建Headless服务
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```sh
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$ kubectl create -f https://github.com/minio/minio/blob/master/docs/orchestration/kubernetes-yaml/minio-distributed-headless-service.yaml?raw=true
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service "minio" created
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```
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###创建Minio Statefulset
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StatefulSet为每个pod提供确定性名称和唯一身份，从而轻松部署有状态的分布式应用程序。 要启动分布式Minio，您需要将驱动器位置作为参数传递到minio服务的命令。 然后，您需要在所有参与的pod上运行相同的命令。 StatefulSets提供了一个完美的方式来处理这个要求。
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这是Statefulset的描述。
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```sh
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apiVersion: apps/v1beta1
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kind: StatefulSet
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metadata:
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name: minio
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spec:
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serviceName: minio
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replicas: 4
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template:
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metadata:
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annotations:
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pod.alpha.kubernetes.io/initialized: "true"
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labels:
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app: minio
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spec:
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containers:
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- name: minio
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env:
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- name: MINIO_ACCESS_KEY
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value: "minio"
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- name: MINIO_SECRET_KEY
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value: "minio123"
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image: minio/minio:RELEASE.2017-05-05T01-14-51Z
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args:
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- server
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- http://minio-0.minio.default.svc.cluster.local/data
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- http://minio-1.minio.default.svc.cluster.local/data
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- http://minio-2.minio.default.svc.cluster.local/data
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- http://minio-3.minio.default.svc.cluster.local/data
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ports:
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- containerPort: 9000
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# These volume mounts are persistent. Each pod in the PetSet
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# gets a volume mounted based on this field.
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volumeMounts:
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- name: data
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mountPath: /data
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# These are converted to volume claims by the controller
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# and mounted at the paths mentioned above.
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volumeClaimTemplates:
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- metadata:
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name: data
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annotations:
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volume.alpha.kubernetes.io/storage-class: anything
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spec:
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accessModes:
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- ReadWriteOnce
|
|||
|
|
resources:
|
|||
|
|
requests:
|
|||
|
|
storage: 10Gi
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
创建Statefulset
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```sh
|
|||
|
|
$ kubectl create -f https://github.com/minio/minio/blob/master/docs/orchestration/kubernetes-yaml/minio-distributed-statefulset.yaml?raw=true
|
|||
|
|
statefulset "minio" created
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 创建负载均衡服务
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
现在您已经运行了Minio statefulset，您可能希望在内部（集群内）访问它，或将其作为服务暴露在外部（集群外，也可能是公用Internet）的IP地址，具体取决于用例。 您可以使用服务来实现此目的。 有三种主要的服务类型 - 默认类型是ClusterIP，它将集群内部的连接暴露给服务。 NodePort和LoadBalancer是向外部流量提供服务的两种类型。
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
在此示例中，我们通过创建LoadBalancer服务来公开Minio部署。
|
|||
|
|
这是服务描述。
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```sh
|
|||
|
|
apiVersion: v1
|
|||
|
|
kind: Service
|
|||
|
|
metadata:
|
|||
|
|
name: minio-service
|
|||
|
|
spec:
|
|||
|
|
type: LoadBalancer
|
|||
|
|
ports:
|
|||
|
|
- port: 9000
|
|||
|
|
targetPort: 9000
|
|||
|
|
protocol: TCP
|
|||
|
|
selector:
|
|||
|
|
app: minio
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
创建Minio service
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```sh
|
|||
|
|
$ kubectl create -f https://github.com/minio/minio/blob/master/docs/orchestration/kubernetes-yaml/minio-distributed-service.yaml?raw=true
|
|||
|
|
service "minio-service" created
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
`LoadBalancer` 服务需要几分钟才能启动。 要检查服务是否已成功创建，请运行命令
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```sh
|
|||
|
|
$ kubectl get svc minio-service
|
|||
|
|
NAME CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
|
|||
|
|
minio-service 10.55.248.23 104.199.249.165 9000:31852/TCP 1m
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
###更新已经存在的Minio StatefulSet
|
|||
|
|
您可以更新现有的Minio StatefulSet以使用较新的Minio版本。 为此，请使用`kubectl patch statefulset`命令：
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```sh
|
|||
|
|
kubectl patch statefulset minio --type='json' -p='[{"op": "replace", "path": "/spec/template/spec/containers/0/image", "value":"<replace-with-new-minio-image>"}]'
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
成功更新后，您应该会看到下面的输出
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
statefulset "minio" patched
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
然后如下所示，逐一删除StatefulSet中的所有pod。 Kubernetes将使用新的镜像为您重新启动那些pod。
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```sh
|
|||
|
|
kubectl delete minio-0
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 分布式模式资源清理
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
你可以使用以下命令清理集群
|
|||
|
|
```sh
|
|||
|
|
kubectl delete statefulset minio \
|
|||
|
|
&& kubectl delete svc minio \
|
|||
|
|
&& kubectl delete svc minio-service
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
## Minio GCS网关部署
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
以下部分介绍在Kubernetes上部署[Minio](https://minio.io/)GCS Gateway的过程。 部署使用Docker Hub的[官方Minio Docker映像](https://hub.docker.com/r/minio/minio/~/dockerfile/)。
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
此示例使用以下Kubernetes的核心组件：
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- [_Secrets_](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/secret/)
|
|||
|
|
- [_Services_](https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/services/)
|
|||
|
|
- [_Deployments_](https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/deployments/)
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### GCS 网关快速入门
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
按照 [这里](https://github.com/minio/minio/blob/master/docs/gateway/gcs.md#create-service-account-key-for-gcs-and-get-the-credentials-file)描述的步骤创建Google云服务认证凭据文件。
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
使用上面生成的文件来创建一个Kubernetes`secret`。
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```sh
|
|||
|
|
kubectl create secret generic gcs-credentials --from-file=/path/to/gcloud/credentials/application_default_credentials.json
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
下载 `minio-gcs-gateway-deployment.yaml`
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```sh
|
|||
|
|
wget https://github.com/minio/minio/blob/master/docs/orchestration/kubernetes-yaml/minio-gcs-gateway-deployment.yaml?raw=true
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
使用你的GCS project ID更新 `gcp_project_id`部分的内容，然后运行
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```sh
|
|||
|
|
kubectl create -f minio-gcs-gateway-deployment.yaml
|
|||
|
|
kubectl create -f https://github.com/minio/minio/blob/master/docs/orchestration/kubernetes-yaml/minio-gcs-gateway-service.yaml?raw=true
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 创建GCS凭据
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
`凭据`旨在保存敏感信息，例如密码，OAuth令牌和ssh密钥。 将这些信息放在一个凭据中比将其逐字地放在pod定义或docker镜像中更安全，更灵活。
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
按照 [这里](https://github.com/minio/minio/blob/master/docs/gateway/gcs.md#create-service-account-key-for-gcs-and-get-the-credentials-file)描述的步骤创建Google云服务认证凭据文件。
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
使用上面生成的文件来创建一个Kubernetes`secret`。
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```sh
|
|||
|
|
kubectl create secret generic gcs-credentials --from-file=/path/to/gcloud/credentials/application_default_credentials.json
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 创建Minio GCS Gateway部署
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
部署封装了副本集和pod - 因此，如果pod掉线，复制控制器会确保另一个pod自动出现。 这样，您就不必担心pod失败，并且可以提供稳定的Minio服务。
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Minio Gateway使用GCS作为其存储后端，需要使用GCP“projectid”来识别您的凭据。 使用GCS项目ID更新“gcp_project_id”部分。 这是部署描述。
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```sh
|
|||
|
|
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
|
|||
|
|
kind: Deployment
|
|||
|
|
metadata:
|
|||
|
|
# This name uniquely identifies the Deployment
|
|||
|
|
name: minio-deployment
|
|||
|
|
spec:
|
|||
|
|
strategy:
|
|||
|
|
type: Recreate
|
|||
|
|
template:
|
|||
|
|
metadata:
|
|||
|
|
labels:
|
|||
|
|
# Label is used as selector in the service.
|
|||
|
|
app: minio
|
|||
|
|
spec:
|
|||
|
|
# Refer to the secret created earlier
|
|||
|
|
volumes:
|
|||
|
|
- name: gcs-credentials
|
|||
|
|
secret:
|
|||
|
|
# Name of the Secret created earlier
|
|||
|
|
secretName: gcs-credentials
|
|||
|
|
containers:
|
|||
|
|
- name: minio
|
|||
|
|
# Pulls the default Minio image from Docker Hub
|
|||
|
|
image: minio/minio:RELEASE.2017-08-05T00-00-53Z
|
|||
|
|
args:
|
|||
|
|
- gateway
|
|||
|
|
- gcs
|
|||
|
|
- gcp_project_id
|
|||
|
|
env:
|
|||
|
|
# Minio access key and secret key
|
|||
|
|
- name: MINIO_ACCESS_KEY
|
|||
|
|
value: "minio"
|
|||
|
|
- name: MINIO_SECRET_KEY
|
|||
|
|
value: "minio123"
|
|||
|
|
# Google Cloud Service uses this variable
|
|||
|
|
- name: GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS
|
|||
|
|
value: "/etc/credentials/application_default_credentials.json"
|
|||
|
|
ports:
|
|||
|
|
- containerPort: 9000
|
|||
|
|
# Mount the volume into the pod
|
|||
|
|
volumeMounts:
|
|||
|
|
- name: gcs-credentials
|
|||
|
|
mountPath: "/etc/credentials"
|
|||
|
|
readOnly: true
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
创建部署
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```sh
|
|||
|
|
kubectl create -f https://github.com/minio/minio/blob/master/docs/orchestration/kubernetes-yaml/minio-gcs-gateway-deployment.yaml?raw=true
|
|||
|
|
deployment "minio-deployment" created
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 创建Minio LoadBalancer服务
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
现在您正在运行Minio，您可能希望在内部（集群内）访问它，或者将其作为服务暴露在外部（集群外部，也可能是公共Internet）IP地址，具体取决于用例。 您可以使用服务来实现此目的。 有三种主要的服务类型 - 默认类型是ClusterIP，它将集群内部的连接暴露给服务。 NodePort和LoadBalancer是向外部流量提供服务的两种类型。
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
在此示例中，我们通过创建LoadBalancer服务来暴露Minio。 这是服务描述。
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```sh
|
|||
|
|
apiVersion: v1
|
|||
|
|
kind: Service
|
|||
|
|
metadata:
|
|||
|
|
name: minio-service
|
|||
|
|
spec:
|
|||
|
|
type: LoadBalancer
|
|||
|
|
ports:
|
|||
|
|
- port: 9000
|
|||
|
|
targetPort: 9000
|
|||
|
|
protocol: TCP
|
|||
|
|
selector:
|
|||
|
|
app: minio
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
创建Minio服务
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```sh
|
|||
|
|
kubectl create -f https://github.com/minio/minio/blob/master/docs/orchestration/kubernetes-yaml/minio-gcs-gateway-service.yaml?raw=true
|
|||
|
|
service "minio-service" created
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
`LoadBalancer`服务需要几分钟才能启动。 要检查服务是否已成功创建，请运行命令
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```sh
|
|||
|
|
kubectl get svc minio-service
|
|||
|
|
NAME CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
|
|||
|
|
minio-service 10.55.248.23 104.199.249.165 9000:31852/TCP 1m
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 更新现有的Minio GCS部署
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
您可以更新现有的Minio部署以使用较新的Minio版本。 为此，请使用`kubectl set image`命令：
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```sh
|
|||
|
|
kubectl set image deployment/minio-deployment minio=<replace-with-new-minio-image>
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Kubernetes将重新启动部署以更新镜像。 成功更新后，您将收到以下消息：
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
deployment "minio-deployment" image updated
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### GCS网关资源清理
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
你可以使用下面的命令清理集群
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```sh
|
|||
|
|
kubectl delete deployment minio-deployment \
|
|||
|
|
&& kubectl delete secret gcs-credentials
|
|||
|
|
```
|