fix: make state cookies valid when client uses multiple login URLs

On Windows, if the user clicks the Tailscale icon in the system tray,
it opens a login URL in the browser.

When the login URL is opened, `state/nonce` cookies are set for that particular URL.

If the user clicks the icon again, a new login URL is opened in the browser,
and new cookies are set.

If the user proceeds with auth in the first tab,
the redirect results in a "state did not match" error.

This patch ensures that each opened login URL sets an individual cookie
that remains valid on the `/oidc/callback` page.

`TestOIDCMultipleOpenedLoginUrls` illustrates and tests this behavior.

.github/workflows/test-integration.yaml

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ jobs:
           - TestOIDCAuthenticationWithPKCE
           - TestOIDCReloginSameNodeNewUser
           - TestOIDCFollowUpUrl
+          - TestOIDCMultipleOpenedLoginUrls
           - TestOIDCReloginSameNodeSameUser
           - TestAuthWebFlowAuthenticationPingAll
           - TestAuthWebFlowLogoutAndReloginSameUser

hscontrol/oidc.go

@@ -213,7 +213,8 @@ func (a *AuthProviderOIDC) OIDCCallbackHandler(
 		return
 	}
 
-	cookieState, err := req.Cookie("state")
+	stateCookieName := getCookieName("state", state)
+	cookieState, err := req.Cookie(stateCookieName)
 	if err != nil {
 		httpError(writer, NewHTTPError(http.StatusBadRequest, "state not found", err))
 		return
@@ -235,8 +236,13 @@ func (a *AuthProviderOIDC) OIDCCallbackHandler(
 		httpError(writer, err)
 		return
 	}
+	if idToken.Nonce == "" {
+		httpError(writer, NewHTTPError(http.StatusBadRequest, "nonce not found in IDToken", err))
+		return
+	}
 
-	nonce, err := req.Cookie("nonce")
+	nonceCookieName := getCookieName("nonce", idToken.Nonce)
+	nonce, err := req.Cookie(nonceCookieName)
 	if err != nil {
 		httpError(writer, NewHTTPError(http.StatusBadRequest, "nonce not found", err))
 		return
@@ -584,6 +590,11 @@ func renderOIDCCallbackTemplate(
 	return &content, nil
 }
 
+// getCookieName generates a unique cookie name based on a cookie value.
+func getCookieName(baseName, value string) string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", baseName, value[:6])
+}
+
 func setCSRFCookie(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, name string) (string, error) {
 	val, err := util.GenerateRandomStringURLSafe(64)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -592,7 +603,7 @@ func setCSRFCookie(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, name string) (string,
 
 	c := &http.Cookie{
 		Path:     "/oidc/callback",
-		Name:     name,
+		Name:     getCookieName(name, val),
 		Value:    val,
 		MaxAge:   int(time.Hour.Seconds()),
 		Secure:   r.TLS != nil,

integration/auth_oidc_test.go

@@ -953,6 +953,119 @@ func TestOIDCFollowUpUrl(t *testing.T) {
 	}, 10*time.Second, 200*time.Millisecond, "Waiting for expected node list after OIDC login")
 }
 
+// TestOIDCMultipleOpenedLoginUrls tests the scenario:
+// - client (mostly Windows) opens multiple browser tabs with different login URLs
+// - client performs auth on the first opened browser tab
+//
+// This test makes sure that cookies are still valid for the first browser tab.
+func TestOIDCMultipleOpenedLoginUrls(t *testing.T) {
+	IntegrationSkip(t)
+
+	scenario, err := NewScenario(
+		ScenarioSpec{
+			OIDCUsers: []mockoidc.MockUser{
+				oidcMockUser("user1", true),
+			},
+		},
+	)
+
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer scenario.ShutdownAssertNoPanics(t)
+
+	oidcMap := map[string]string{
+		"HEADSCALE_OIDC_ISSUER":             scenario.mockOIDC.Issuer(),
+		"HEADSCALE_OIDC_CLIENT_ID":          scenario.mockOIDC.ClientID(),
+		"CREDENTIALS_DIRECTORY_TEST":        "/tmp",
+		"HEADSCALE_OIDC_CLIENT_SECRET_PATH": "${CREDENTIALS_DIRECTORY_TEST}/hs_client_oidc_secret",
+	}
+
+	err = scenario.CreateHeadscaleEnvWithLoginURL(
+		nil,
+		hsic.WithTestName("oidcauthrelog"),
+		hsic.WithConfigEnv(oidcMap),
+		hsic.WithTLS(),
+		hsic.WithFileInContainer("/tmp/hs_client_oidc_secret", []byte(scenario.mockOIDC.ClientSecret())),
+		hsic.WithEmbeddedDERPServerOnly(),
+	)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	headscale, err := scenario.Headscale()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	listUsers, err := headscale.ListUsers()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Empty(t, listUsers)
+
+	ts, err := scenario.CreateTailscaleNode(
+		"unstable",
+		tsic.WithNetwork(scenario.networks[scenario.testDefaultNetwork]),
+	)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	u1, err := ts.LoginWithURL(headscale.GetEndpoint())
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	u2, err := ts.LoginWithURL(headscale.GetEndpoint())
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// make sure login URLs are different
+	require.NotEqual(t, u1.String(), u2.String())
+
+	loginClient, err := newLoginHTTPClient(ts.Hostname())
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// open the first login URL "in browser"
+	_, redirect1, err := doLoginURLWithClient(ts.Hostname(), u1, loginClient, false)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	// open the second login URL "in browser"
+	_, redirect2, err := doLoginURLWithClient(ts.Hostname(), u2, loginClient, false)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// two valid redirects with different state/nonce params
+	require.NotEqual(t, redirect1.String(), redirect2.String())
+
+	// complete auth with the first opened "browser tab"
+	_, redirect1, err = doLoginURLWithClient(ts.Hostname(), redirect1, loginClient, true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	listUsers, err = headscale.ListUsers()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Len(t, listUsers, 1)
+
+	wantUsers := []*v1.User{
+		{
+			Id:         1,
+			Name:       "user1",
+			Email:      "user1@headscale.net",
+			Provider:   "oidc",
+			ProviderId: scenario.mockOIDC.Issuer() + "/user1",
+		},
+	}
+
+	sort.Slice(
+		listUsers, func(i, j int) bool {
+			return listUsers[i].GetId() < listUsers[j].GetId()
+		},
+	)
+
+	if diff := cmp.Diff(
+		wantUsers,
+		listUsers,
+		cmpopts.IgnoreUnexported(v1.User{}),
+		cmpopts.IgnoreFields(v1.User{}, "CreatedAt"),
+	); diff != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected users: %s", diff)
+	}
+
+	assert.EventuallyWithT(
+		t, func(c *assert.CollectT) {
+			listNodes, err := headscale.ListNodes()
+			assert.NoError(c, err)
+			assert.Len(c, listNodes, 1)
+		}, 10*time.Second, 200*time.Millisecond, "Waiting for expected node list after OIDC login",
+	)
+}
+
 // TestOIDCReloginSameNodeSameUser tests the scenario where a single Tailscale client
 // authenticates using OIDC (OpenID Connect), logs out, and then logs back in as the same user.
 //

integration/scenario.go

@@ -860,47 +860,183 @@ func (s *Scenario) RunTailscaleUpWithURL(userStr, loginServer string) error {
 	return fmt.Errorf("failed to up tailscale node: %w", errNoUserAvailable)
 }
 
-// doLoginURL visits the given login URL and returns the body as a
+type debugJar struct {
-// string.
+	inner *cookiejar.Jar
-func doLoginURL(hostname string, loginURL *url.URL) (string, error) {
+	mu    sync.RWMutex
-	log.Printf("%s login url: %s\n", hostname, loginURL.String())
+	store map[string]map[string]map[string]*http.Cookie // domain -> path -> name -> cookie
+}
 
-	var err error
+func newDebugJar() (*debugJar, error) {
+	jar, err := cookiejar.New(nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &debugJar{
+		inner: jar,
+		store: make(map[string]map[string]map[string]*http.Cookie),
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func (j *debugJar) SetCookies(u *url.URL, cookies []*http.Cookie) {
+	j.inner.SetCookies(u, cookies)
+
+	j.mu.Lock()
+	defer j.mu.Unlock()
+
+	for _, c := range cookies {
+		if c == nil || c.Name == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		domain := c.Domain
+		if domain == "" {
+			domain = u.Hostname()
+		}
+		path := c.Path
+		if path == "" {
+			path = "/"
+		}
+		if _, ok := j.store[domain]; !ok {
+			j.store[domain] = make(map[string]map[string]*http.Cookie)
+		}
+		if _, ok := j.store[domain][path]; !ok {
+			j.store[domain][path] = make(map[string]*http.Cookie)
+		}
+		j.store[domain][path][c.Name] = copyCookie(c)
+	}
+}
+
+func (j *debugJar) Cookies(u *url.URL) []*http.Cookie {
+	return j.inner.Cookies(u)
+}
+
+func (j *debugJar) Dump(w io.Writer) {
+	j.mu.RLock()
+	defer j.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	for domain, paths := range j.store {
+		fmt.Fprintf(w, "Domain: %s\n", domain)
+		for path, byName := range paths {
+			fmt.Fprintf(w, "  Path: %s\n", path)
+			for _, c := range byName {
+				fmt.Fprintf(
+					w, "    %s=%s; Expires=%v; Secure=%v; HttpOnly=%v; SameSite=%v\n",
+					c.Name, c.Value, c.Expires, c.Secure, c.HttpOnly, c.SameSite,
+				)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func copyCookie(c *http.Cookie) *http.Cookie {
+	cc := *c
+	return &cc
+}
+
+func newLoginHTTPClient(hostname string) (*http.Client, error) {
 	hc := &http.Client{
 		Transport: LoggingRoundTripper{Hostname: hostname},
 	}
-	hc.Jar, err = cookiejar.New(nil)
+
+	jar, err := newDebugJar()
 	if err != nil {
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("%s failed to create cookiejar	: %w", hostname, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s failed to create cookiejar: %w", hostname, err)
+	}
+
+	hc.Jar = jar
+
+	return hc, nil
+}
+
+// doLoginURL visits the given login URL and returns the body as a string.
+func doLoginURL(hostname string, loginURL *url.URL) (string, error) {
+	log.Printf("%s login url: %s\n", hostname, loginURL.String())
+
+	hc, err := newLoginHTTPClient(hostname)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	body, _, err := doLoginURLWithClient(hostname, loginURL, hc, true)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	return body, nil
+}
+
+// doLoginURLWithClient performs the login request using the provided HTTP client.
+// When followRedirects is false, it will return the first redirect without following it.
+func doLoginURLWithClient(hostname string, loginURL *url.URL, hc *http.Client, followRedirects bool) (
+	string,
+	*url.URL,
+	error,
+) {
+	if hc == nil {
+		return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("%s http client is nil", hostname)
+	}
+
+	if loginURL == nil {
+		return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("%s login url is nil", hostname)
 	}
 
 	log.Printf("%s logging in with url: %s", hostname, loginURL.String())
 	ctx := context.Background()
-	req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, loginURL.String(), nil)
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, loginURL.String(), nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("%s failed to create http request: %w", hostname, err)
+	}
+
+	originalRedirect := hc.CheckRedirect
+	if !followRedirects {
+		hc.CheckRedirect = func(req *http.Request, via []*http.Request) error {
+			return http.ErrUseLastResponse
+		}
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		hc.CheckRedirect = originalRedirect
+	}()
+
 	resp, err := hc.Do(req)
 	if err != nil {
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("%s failed to send http request: %w", hostname, err)
+		return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("%s failed to send http request: %w", hostname, err)
 	}
-
-	log.Printf("cookies: %+v", hc.Jar.Cookies(loginURL))
-
-	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
-		body, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
-		log.Printf("body: %s", body)
-
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("%s response code of login request was %w", hostname, err)
-	}
-
 	defer resp.Body.Close()
 
-	body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	bodyBytes, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Printf("%s failed to read response body: %s", hostname, err)
+		return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("%s failed to read response body: %w", hostname, err)
+	}
+	body := string(bodyBytes)
 
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("%s failed to read response body: %w", hostname, err)
+	var redirectURL *url.URL
+	if resp.StatusCode >= http.StatusMultipleChoices && resp.StatusCode < http.StatusBadRequest {
+		redirectURL, err = resp.Location()
+		if err != nil {
+			return body, nil, fmt.Errorf("%s failed to resolve redirect location: %w", hostname, err)
+		}
 	}
 
-	return string(body), nil
+	if followRedirects && resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		log.Printf("body: %s", body)
+
+		return body, redirectURL, fmt.Errorf("%s unexpected status code %d", hostname, resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+
+	if resp.StatusCode >= http.StatusBadRequest {
+		log.Printf("body: %s", body)
+
+		return body, redirectURL, fmt.Errorf("%s unexpected status code %d", hostname, resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+
+	if hc.Jar != nil {
+		if jar, ok := hc.Jar.(*debugJar); ok {
+			jar.Dump(os.Stdout)
+		} else {
+			log.Printf("cookies: %+v", hc.Jar.Cookies(loginURL))
+		}
+	}
+
+	return body, redirectURL, nil
 }
 
 var errParseAuthPage = errors.New("failed to parse auth page")